Master’s Capstone Project submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of American University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts in Art History.
Chair: Dr. Juliet Bellow
Reader: Dr. Kim Butler
2021, American University, Washington DC
Primary sources
All primary sources for this capstone were accessed through gallica.fr, the digital database and search engine of the Bibliothèque Nationale de France.
Aubert, Francis. “Le Salon” La France, June 2, 1874.
Castagnary, Jules. “Le Salon de 1874,” Le Siècle, May 26, 1874.
Grimm, Thomas. “Le Clan des Femmes Peintres”, Le Petit journal, May 30, 1870.
Véron, Eugène. “Madame Eva Gonzalès” Courrier de l’art: Chronique Hebdomadaire des ateliers, des musées, des expositions, des ventes publiques.”, January 2, 1885.
Secondary sources
Bell, Esther. “Degas, Millinery, and The Grand Tradition.” In Degas Impressionism and the Paris Millinery Trade, edited by Simon Kelly and Esther Bell, 83-103. San Francisco: Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, 2017.
Boime, Albert. “Maria Deraismes and Eva Gonzalès: A Feminist Critique of “Une Loge Aux Théâtre Des Italiens”.” Woman’s Art Journal 15, no. 2 (1994): 31-37.
Clement, Russell T., Annick Houze Christine Erbolato-Ramsey, The Women Impressionist: A Sourcebook. Santa Barbara: Westport, 2000.
Garb, Tamar. The Painted Face: Portraits of Women in France, 1814-1914. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007.
Gaze, Delia. Dictionary of Women Artists. Chicago: Fitzroy-Dearborne, 1997.
Grant, Carol Jane. “Eva Gonzales (1849-1883): An Examination of the Artist’s Style and Subject Matter. (Volumes I and II).” PhD diss., The Ohio State University, 1994.
Hunter, Mary. “Expert Hands, Infectious Touch: Painting and Pregnancy in Berthe Morisot’s The Mother and Sister of the Artist 1869-1870)” In Andre Dombrowski (ed), Companion to Impressionism. Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell, expected publication September 2021.
Hyde, Melissa. “The Makeup of the Marquise.” In Making Up the Rococo: François Boucher and His Critics, 107-144. Los Angeles: Getty Publications, 2006.
J. Paul Getty Museum. “Peasants in Pastel: Jean-Francois and the Pastel Revival.” Gallery Text. Last modified 2019. http://www.getty.edu/art/exhibitions/millet_pastels/downloads/pastels_gallery_text.pdf
Kalba, Laura Anne. “Impressionism’s Chemical Aesthetic: The Materials and Meanings of Color.” In Color in the Age of Impressionism: Commerce, Technology, Art, 69- 119. University Park: Penn State University Press, 2017.
Kelly, Simon. “Silk and Feather and Satin and Straw: Degas, Women, and the Paris Millinery Trade.” In Degas Impressionism and the Paris Millinery Trade, edited by Simon Kelly and Esther Bell, 17-59. San Francisco: Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, 2017.
Kendall, Richard. “The Metaphor of Craft: Tradition, Draughtmanship, and the Transformation of Degas’s Technique.” In Beyond Impressionism, 57-87. London: National Gallery Publications, 1996.
Kenny, Ruth. “The Craze for Pastel,” BP Spotlight: The Craze for Pastel (blog). The Tate, Last modified 2014. https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/display/bp-spotlight-craze-pastel/essay
Le, Brun, Charles. “Thoughts on M. Blanchard’s Discourse on the Merits of Colour.” In Art in Theory 1648-1815: An Anthology of Changing Ideas, Charles Harrison, Paul Wood and Jason Gaiger, 182-185. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2000.
Lichtenstein, Jacqueline. “Making up Representation: The Risk of Femininity.” Representation, no. 20 (Autumn 1987): 77-87.
Monnier, Geneviève. “Pastel” In Grove Art Online. Oxford University Press, 2003. https://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000065711
National Gallery. “Edouard Manet Eva Gonzalès.” Accessed February 12, 2021. https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/edouard-manet-eva-gonzales
Sainsaulieu, Marie-Caroline Sainsaulieu and de Mons, Jacques. Eva Gonzalès: 1849-1883: Étude critique et catalogue raisonné. Paris: Bibliotheque Nationale, 1990.
Schenck, Kimberly. “An Experiment in Pastel and Watercolor by Degas,” National Gallery of Art Blog. National Gallery of Art, November 17, 2020. https://www.nga.gov/blog/pastel-watercolor-degas.html
Sell, Stacey. The Touch of Color: Pastels at the National Gallery of Art. Washington D.C.: National Gallery of Art, 2019. https://www.nga.gov/content/dam/ngaweb/exhibitions/pdfs/2019/touch-of-color-pastels.pdf
Shelley, Marjorie. “Painting in the Dry Manner: The Flourishing of the Pastel in 18th Century Europe.” The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 68, no. 4 (2011): 4-56.
Silverman, Debora. “The Third Republic and the Rococo as National Patrimony” In Art Nouveau in Fin de Siècle France: Politics, Psychology and Style, 142-159. Oakland: University of California Press, 1989.
Tucker, Paul. “The First Impressionist Exhibition and Monet’s Impression, Sunrise: A Tale of Timing, Commerce, and Patriotism.” Art History 7, no. 4 (1984): 465-476.
Werner, Alfred. Degas: Pastels. New York City: Watson-Guptill, 1998.