[{"id":518,"date":"2021-08-25T16:08:56","date_gmt":"2021-08-25T16:08:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/?page_id=518"},"modified":"2021-09-06T20:18:55","modified_gmt":"2021-09-06T20:18:55","slug":"digital-power-and-politics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/digital-power-and-politics\/","title":{"rendered":"Digital Power &amp; Politics"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"518\" class=\"elementor elementor-518\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51d00e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51d00e2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-149615d\" data-id=\"149615d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b1401b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b1401b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Digital Power &amp; Politics<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d1e943 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d1e943\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fffbde5\" data-id=\"fffbde5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dbdca7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8dbdca7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e367a8c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e367a8c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fdf8edc\" data-id=\"fdf8edc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5958755 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5958755\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #406b72\">Sasha Costanza- Chock<\/span><\/h5><p>Sasha Costanza-Chock is a communications scholar, participatory designer, and activist. They are Associate Professor of Civic Media at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a Faculty Affiliate at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet &amp; Society.<\/p><ul><li>Author of\u00a0<i>Design justice: community-led practices to build the worlds we need\u00a0<\/i>(2020)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a166a2\" data-id=\"0a166a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b24603 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4b24603\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"239\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Sasha_sd_selfie-239x300.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-519\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Sasha_sd_selfie-239x300.png 239w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Sasha_sd_selfie.png 478w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 239px) 100vw, 239px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0cb9ca4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0cb9ca4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d0df8d\" data-id=\"8d0df8d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2c9ee9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2c9ee9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #406b72\"><a style=\"color: #406b72\" href=\"http:\/\/dfreelon.org\/curriculum-vitae\/\"><strong>Deen Freelon, Ph.D., UNC<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/h5><p>Deen Freelon is an associate professor in the School of Media and Journalism.\u00a0 His research covers two major areas of scholarship: 1) political expression through digital media and 2) data science and computational methods for analyzing large digital datasets.\u00a0<\/p><h4>\u00a0<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2054c4\" data-id=\"a2054c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f56531 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f56531\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Deen_Frelon.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-520\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Deen_Frelon.jpeg 400w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Deen_Frelon-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Deen_Frelon-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Deen_Frelon-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-190464b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"190464b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4742970\" data-id=\"4742970\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40a9983 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"40a9983\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #406b72\">Alessandra Renzi<\/span><\/h5><p>Dr. Renzi\u2019s interdisciplinary work explores the linkages and relays between media, art and civic engagement through ethnographic studies and media projects. She has studied pirate television networks in Italy and the surveillance of social movements after 9-11. Her current research investigates how society\u2019s increasing reliance on platforms, algorithms and big data is changing social justice activism.\u00a0<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.upress.umn.edu\/book-division\/books\/hacked-transmissions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><i>Hacked Transmissions: <\/i><\/a><i>Technology and Connective Activism in Italy<\/i>\u00a0(2020)<\/li><\/ul><h4>\u00a0<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4706f88\" data-id=\"4706f88\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d83921 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0d83921\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"326\" height=\"343\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/Alessandra_Renzi.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-569\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/Alessandra_Renzi.jpg 326w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/Alessandra_Renzi-285x300.jpg 285w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 326px) 100vw, 326px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3940d90 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3940d90\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-17f2ba0\" data-id=\"17f2ba0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a98680 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a98680\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #406b72\"><a style=\"color: #406b72\" href=\"https:\/\/meredithdclark.com\/\">Dr. Meredith D. Clark<\/a>, UVA\u00a0<\/span><\/h5><p>(@MeredithDClark)\u00a0 Former newspaper journalist whose research focuses on the intersections of race, media, and power. Her professional journalism background informs her primary research on the relationships between Black communities and news media in social media spaces. Her secondary research in critical journalism studies addresses questions of systemic racism in U.S. news media, with a focus on culture and processes in print and digital newsrooms.<\/p><h5>\u00a0<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-36efd21\" data-id=\"36efd21\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70e4c6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"70e4c6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"730\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/Meredith_cropped.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-570\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/Meredith_cropped.jpeg 1017w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/Meredith_cropped-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/Meredith_cropped-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/Meredith_cropped-768x768.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/Meredith_cropped-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1fa7596 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1fa7596\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d970f5\" data-id=\"3d970f5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c5ac29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6c5ac29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #406b72\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" style=\"color: #406b72\" href=\"https:\/\/charltonmcilwain.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Charlton Deron McIlwain<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h5><p>Charlton Deron McIlwain is an American academic and author whose expertise includes the role of race and media in politics and social life. McIlwain is Professor of media, culture, and communication and is the Vice Provost for Faculty Engagement and Development at New York University.<\/p><ul><li>Author of: Black Software: The Internet &amp; Racial Justice, From the Afronet to Black Lives Matter<\/li><\/ul><h5>\u00a0<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0cc2d6b\" data-id=\"0cc2d6b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fc352f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1fc352f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"465\" height=\"465\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Charlton_Mc.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-451\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Charlton_Mc.png 465w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Charlton_Mc-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Charlton_Mc-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Charlton_Mc-60x60.png 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 465px) 100vw, 465px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-96617c1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"96617c1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-65e64b8\" data-id=\"65e64b8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4600c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b4600c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Film &amp; Video<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a300d7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4a300d7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b9ea66a\" data-id=\"b9ea66a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9684fad elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"9684fad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/PcPJjOJO1vo&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6ed9073\" data-id=\"6ed9073\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b8bf0a elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"2b8bf0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/1Veo_T4a5dM&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d1b37dd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d1b37dd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4781bdd\" data-id=\"4781bdd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3b3209 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e3b3209\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/PcPJjOJO1vo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Future Politics | Jamie Susskind | Talks at Google\u00a0<\/a><span style=\"color: #333333\">(2018)<\/span><\/h5><p>Jamie Susskind is a practicing barrister and author, and former fellow of Harvard&#8217;s Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society. He writes about the effects of technology on politics, looking at how AI and machine learning, the internet of things, robotics, blockchain, and virtual reality will change the way we live together.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8048622\" data-id=\"8048622\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d420221 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d420221\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/1Veo_T4a5dM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What voter suppression looks like online<\/a> <span style=\"color: #333333\">(2020)<\/span><\/h5><p>&#8220;Why Russian operatives and domestic parties target Black voters in US elections.&#8221; This short explainer by Vox investigates hoaxes and election misinformation targeted toward African American voters and discusses how social media companies are responding to misleading election information. In the 2016 election, for example, posts that appeared to be written by African American groups or individuals were used to discourage voting amongst black Americans.\u00a0<\/p><p>Source: Vox<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fd7bbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fd7bbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9945767\" data-id=\"9945767\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8bef27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d8bef27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Books &amp; Articles<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f58de3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f58de3d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57aebfb\" data-id=\"57aebfb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b18816 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b18816\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzfeednews.com\/article\/pranavdixit\/no-email-no-whatsapp-no-internet-this-is-now-normal-life-in\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">No Email. No WhatsApp. No Internet. This Is Now Normal Life In Kashmir. <\/a><a style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.palgrave.com\/gp\/book\/9783030527006\">(2020)<\/a><\/span><\/h5><p>Normal life has ground to a halt in the region as businesses lay off workers, hospitals struggle to care for patients, and ordinary people despair.<\/p><p>By: Pranav Dixit<\/p><p>Source: BuzzFeed<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6bb5659\" data-id=\"6bb5659\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43c78b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"43c78b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzfeednews.com\/article\/pranavdixit\/no-email-no-whatsapp-no-internet-this-is-now-normal-life-in\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"488\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sub-buzz-598-1582664524-1-1024x684.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-521\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sub-buzz-598-1582664524-1-1024x684.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sub-buzz-598-1582664524-1-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sub-buzz-598-1582664524-1-768x513.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sub-buzz-598-1582664524-1-1536x1025.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sub-buzz-598-1582664524-1.jpeg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ac8779b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ac8779b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-115722e\" data-id=\"115722e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-075d0d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"075d0d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/art-and-online-activism-amid-the-pandemic-lessons-from-around-the-world-140161\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Art and online activism amid the pandemic: lessons from around the world <\/a>(2020)<\/span><\/h5><p>During the COVID-19 pandemic, arranging protests and political movements in the streets has proven challenging due to social distancing orders.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e3859de\" data-id=\"e3859de\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5b1126 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d5b1126\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/art-and-online-activism-amid-the-pandemic-lessons-from-around-the-world-140161\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"478\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/file-20200925-16-17185er.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-571\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/file-20200925-16-17185er.jpeg 926w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/file-20200925-16-17185er-300x196.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/file-20200925-16-17185er-768x503.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ff838f8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ff838f8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cf8fbef\" data-id=\"cf8fbef\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d7b467 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0d7b467\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.upress.umn.edu\/book-division\/books\/hacked-transmissions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><i>Hacked Transmissions: <\/i><\/a><i>Technology and Connective Activism in Italy<\/i>. (2020)\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/h5><p>Alessandra Renzi.\u00a0<\/p><p><i>Hacked Transmissions<\/i>\u00a0explores how social movements change across cycles of struggle and alongside technology. Weaving a rich fabric of local and international social movements and media practices, politicized hacking, and independent cultural production, it takes as its entry point a multiyear ethnography of Telestreet, a network of pirate television channels in Italy that challenged the media monopoly of Silvio Berlusconi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f56f246\" data-id=\"f56f246\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a82e20a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a82e20a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.upress.umn.edu\/book-division\/books\/hacked-transmissions\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"194\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/Hacked_Transmissions.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-572\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e3a84ff elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e3a84ff\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-153968d\" data-id=\"153968d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b86b53 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6b86b53\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma9941596323604102\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cyberactivism: Online Activism in Theory and Practice<\/a>. (2003)\u00a0<\/span><\/h5><p>McCaughey, M. and Ayers, M. D.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>The Internet has played a central role in some of the most successful instances of contemporary political activism. This book examines the growing importance of this aspect of activism, including the politically motivated sabotage of commercial websites.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fd78550\" data-id=\"fd78550\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b55fe04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b55fe04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma9941596323604102\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"180\" height=\"266\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/9780415943208.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-573\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c146271 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c146271\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e61ee84\" data-id=\"e61ee84\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-436ea6c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"436ea6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma99154801163604102\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Digital Identity and Everyday Activism \u2014 Sharing Private Stories with Networked Publics <\/a>(2016)<\/span><\/h5><p>Vivienne, S\u00a0<\/p><p>This book reinvigorates the space between scholarly texts on self-representation, voice and agency and practical field-guides to community media and digital storytelling. It offers reflection on the ethical praxis of co-creative media, and an indispensable suite of digitally savvy representation strategies, pertinent to modern people everywhere.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-90ff3c6\" data-id=\"90ff3c6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602cdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"602cdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma99154801163604102\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"153\" height=\"239\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/09\/9781137500731.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-574\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Digital Power &amp; Politics Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders Sasha Costanza- Chock Sasha Costanza-Chock is a communications scholar, participatory designer, and activist. They are Associate Professor of Civic Media at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a Faculty Affiliate at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet &amp; Society. Author of\u00a0Design justice: community-led practices to build the worlds [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3016,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-518","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/518","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3016"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=518"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/518\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=518"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":444,"date":"2021-08-19T21:39:36","date_gmt":"2021-08-19T21:39:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/?page_id=444"},"modified":"2021-10-22T15:01:55","modified_gmt":"2021-10-22T15:01:55","slug":"general-dei-resources","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/general-dei-resources\/","title":{"rendered":"General DEI Resources"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"444\" class=\"elementor elementor-444\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51d00e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51d00e2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-149615d\" data-id=\"149615d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b1401b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b1401b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">General DEI Resources<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d1e943 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d1e943\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fffbde5\" data-id=\"fffbde5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dbdca7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8dbdca7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e367a8c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e367a8c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fdf8edc\" data-id=\"fdf8edc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5958755 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5958755\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.columbia.edu\/faculty\/kimberle-w-crenshaw\"><strong>Kimberl\u00e9 Williams Crenshaw<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Kimberl\u00e9 W. Crenshaw is a pioneering scholar and writer on civil rights, critical race theory, Black feminist legal theory, and race, racism and the law. In addition to her position at Columbia Law School, she is a Distinguished Professor of Law at the University of California, Los Angeles.\u00a0Crenshaw\u2019s work has been foundational in critical race theory and in \u201cintersectionality,\u201d a term she coined to describe the double bind of simultaneous racial and gender prejudice.\u00a0<\/p><ul><li class=\"c-page-title\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/the-highlight\/2019\/5\/20\/18542843\/intersectionality-conservatism-law-race-gender-discrimination\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The intersectionality wars <\/a>\u00a0(2019)<\/li><li class=\"c-page-title\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/kimberle_crenshaw_the_urgency_of_intersectionality\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">TEDWomen | The Urgency of Intersectionality <\/a>(2016)<\/li><li class=\"c-page-title\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/us\/podcast\/intersectionality-matters\/id1441348908\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Podcast: Intersectionality Matters<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a166a2\" data-id=\"0a166a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b24603 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4b24603\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/kimberle_crenshaw-250x300.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-445\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/kimberle_crenshaw-250x300.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/kimberle_crenshaw.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0cb9ca4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0cb9ca4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d0df8d\" data-id=\"8d0df8d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2c9ee9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2c9ee9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/evelynalsultany.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Evelyn Alsultany<\/strong> <\/a><\/h4><p>Evelyn Alsultany is a leading expert on the history of representations of Arabs and Muslims in the U.S. media. Her research, teaching, and lecturing are driven by a commitment to bringing Arab and Muslim Americans into the broader conversation about racial politics in the U.S. In her lectures, she seeks to educate audiences on the history of stereotypical representations of Arabs and Muslims in the US media, its consequences as evident in public opinion and government policies, and alternatives to foster greater human respect and dignity.<\/p><ul><li><p>Arabs and Muslims in the Media: Race and Representation after 9\/11 (2012)<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2054c4\" data-id=\"a2054c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f56531 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f56531\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"804\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/alsultany_photo_2015.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-446\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/alsultany_photo_2015.jpeg 908w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/alsultany_photo_2015-272x300.jpeg 272w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/alsultany_photo_2015-768x846.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-985c58b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"985c58b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f24f1c7\" data-id=\"f24f1c7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96c2cbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96c2cbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #406b72\"><strong>Darrell Hamamoto<\/strong><\/span><\/h4><p>Darrell Y. Hamamoto is an American writer, academic, and specialist in U.S. media and ethnic studies. He was a scholar of Asian American media and professor for almost 23 years at the University of California, Davis before retiring in 2018.\u00a0<\/p><ul><li>Equity and diversity in media representation: How to Rob: Strong-arming our way to equity and diversity (2001)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98ef9fe\" data-id=\"98ef9fe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39dcff3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"39dcff3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Darrell-Hamamoto-300x300.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-447\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Darrell-Hamamoto-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Darrell-Hamamoto-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Darrell-Hamamoto-60x60.jpeg 60w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Darrell-Hamamoto.jpeg 512w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-381a40d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"381a40d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b633c83\" data-id=\"b633c83\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1adc5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1adc5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/griselyacosta1?lang=en\"><strong>Grisel Y. Acosta<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Dr. Grisel Y. Acosta is an associate professor at the City University of New York-BCC. She is the editor of\u00a0<i>Latina Outsiders Remaking Latina Identity\u00a0<\/i>(Routledge, 2019), an anthology featuring over 30 scholarly and creative works by Latinas from throughout the United States.<\/p><ul><li><p>Remaking Latina Identity (2019)<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a687285\" data-id=\"a687285\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c05a39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9c05a39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sLLnm3dr.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-448\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sLLnm3dr.jpeg 400w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sLLnm3dr-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sLLnm3dr-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sLLnm3dr-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-96617c1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"96617c1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-65e64b8\" data-id=\"65e64b8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4600c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b4600c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Film &amp; Video<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4b1b489 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4b1b489\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5b21512\" data-id=\"5b21512\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74cbb52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"74cbb52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QyDbRaaXEvc\">Women Engineers On the Rampant Sexism of Silicon Valley | WIRED<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h4><p>Five female engineers discuss the sexism of the tech industry and why greater diversity and inclusion makes better products for everyone.<\/p><p>Source: WIRED<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1dacf61\" data-id=\"1dacf61\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d82b76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"9d82b76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=QyDbRaaXEvc&amp;feature=youtu.be&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-578c9b8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"578c9b8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-78add92\" data-id=\"78add92\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2deb5af elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2deb5af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/3Yno_3NxEsw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How Ellen Pao realized women \u2018cannot succeed\u2019 in Silicon Valley frat boy culture<span class=\"screenreader-only\"> (2017)<\/span><\/a><\/h4><p>Ellen Pao sent Silicon Valley a wake-up call about sexism in tech and finance when she filed a gender discrimination lawsuit against her employer, a powerful venture capital firm. She lost her case and her personal reputation was damaged along the way, but she is still fighting for change. Pao sits down with economics correspondent Paul Solman to discuss her experience and book, &#8220;Reset.\u201d<\/p><p>Source: PBS NewsHour<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3357383\" data-id=\"3357383\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf03e4b elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"bf03e4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=3Yno_3NxEsw&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8c1db6a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8c1db6a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-859e967\" data-id=\"859e967\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dc9370 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5dc9370\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=13XU4fMlN3w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pink Tax (2016)\u00a0<\/a><\/h4><p>Summary: It\u2019s more complex than women earning 79 cents for every dollar a man makes. Video explains the structural inequalities that make women earn less than men.<\/p><p>Source: Vox<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-85d2531\" data-id=\"85d2531\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-531ad92 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"531ad92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=13XU4fMlN3w&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fd7bbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fd7bbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9945767\" data-id=\"9945767\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8bef27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d8bef27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Web Resources<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f58de3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f58de3d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57aebfb\" data-id=\"57aebfb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b18816 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b18816\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><strong style=\"font-family: inherit\"><span style=\"color: #536a40\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" style=\"color: #536a40\" href=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deiresources\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a0Faculty Resources on Diversity, Equity, &amp; Inclusion<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/h5><p>Source: Center for Teaching, Research, and Learning<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6bb5659\" data-id=\"6bb5659\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43c78b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"43c78b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deiresources\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"278\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/10\/CTRL-Logo_white-background_long-300x278-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-588\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-152c21b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"152c21b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6490444\" data-id=\"6490444\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2fcc16 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c2fcc16\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><strong style=\"font-family: inherit\"><span style=\"color: #536a40\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" style=\"color: #536a40\" href=\"https:\/\/everydaysexism.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Everyday sexism Project<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/h5><p>The Everyday Sexism project aims to take a step towards gender equality, by proving wrong those who tell women that they can\u2019t complain because we are equal. It is a place to record stories of sexism faced on a daily basis, by ordinary women, in ordinary places. To show that sexism exists in abundance in the UK workplace and that it is very far from being a problem we no longer need to discuss. To provoke responses so numerous and wide-ranging that the problem becomes impossible to ignore. To report the way you have been treated, even if it has not been taken seriously elsewhere. To stand up and say \u2018this isn\u2019t right\u2019, even if it isn\u2019t big or outrageous or shocking. Even if you\u2019ve got used to thinking that it is \u2018just the way things are\u2019.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-97cf146\" data-id=\"97cf146\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f97dad5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f97dad5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/psmag.com\/environment\/digital-divide-more-complicated-than-access\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/A576J7DPXZCW5IFHNU7CMQBWKE.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>General DEI Resources Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders Kimberl\u00e9 Williams Crenshaw Kimberl\u00e9 W. Crenshaw is a pioneering scholar and writer on civil rights, critical race theory, Black feminist legal theory, and race, racism and the law. In addition to her position at Columbia Law School, she is a Distinguished Professor of Law at the University of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3693,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-444","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/444","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3693"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=444"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/444\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=444"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":426,"date":"2021-08-19T19:40:31","date_gmt":"2021-08-19T19:40:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/?page_id=426"},"modified":"2021-08-20T20:22:29","modified_gmt":"2021-08-20T20:22:29","slug":"technological-colonialism","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/technological-colonialism\/","title":{"rendered":"Digital Culture in the Global South\/ Technological Colonialism"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"426\" class=\"elementor elementor-426\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51d00e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51d00e2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-149615d\" data-id=\"149615d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b1401b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b1401b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Digital Culture in the Global South\/ Technological Colonialism<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d1e943 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d1e943\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fffbde5\" data-id=\"fffbde5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dbdca7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8dbdca7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e367a8c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e367a8c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fdf8edc\" data-id=\"fdf8edc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5958755 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5958755\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nanjalawrites.com\/\"><strong>Nanjala Nyabola<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Nanjala Nyabola is a writer, political analyst, and activist based in Nairobi, Kenya. Nyabola writes extensively about African society and politics, technology, international law, and feminism for academic and non-academic publications.\u00a0<\/p><ul><li>Digital democracy, analogue politics: how the Internet era is transforming Kenya (2018).<\/li><\/ul><p><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/muse.jhu.edu\/article\/706810\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kenyan Feminism in the Digital Age <\/a>\u00a0(2018)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a166a2\" data-id=\"0a166a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b24603 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4b24603\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Nanjala-2-2_1-300x300.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-427\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Nanjala-2-2_1-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Nanjala-2-2_1-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Nanjala-2-2_1-60x60.jpeg 60w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Nanjala-2-2_1.jpeg 460w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0cb9ca4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0cb9ca4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d0df8d\" data-id=\"8d0df8d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2c9ee9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2c9ee9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/communications.howard.edu\/index.php\/slmcfaculty\/langmia\/\"><strong>Kehbuma Langmia<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Dr. Kehbuma Langmia is a Fulbright Scholar\/ Professor and Chair in the Department of Strategic, Legal and Management Communication, School of Communications, Howard University.Dr. Langmia has extensive knowledge and expertise in Information Communication Technology (ICT), Intercultural, Cross Cultural and International Communication, Black Diaspora Communication Theory, Decolonial Media Studies, Social Media and Afrocentricity.\u00a0<\/p><ul><li>Globalization and cyberculture: an Afrocentric perspective (2016)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2054c4\" data-id=\"a2054c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f56531 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f56531\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Screen-Shot-2020-08-24-at-10.36.33-AM-oufyg6dyoq8alfca0fg9ge5wdqo4b97u9vdwa8axz0.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-428\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Screen-Shot-2020-08-24-at-10.36.33-AM-oufyg6dyoq8alfca0fg9ge5wdqo4b97u9vdwa8axz0.png 500w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Screen-Shot-2020-08-24-at-10.36.33-AM-oufyg6dyoq8alfca0fg9ge5wdqo4b97u9vdwa8axz0-273x300.png 273w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-985c58b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"985c58b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f24f1c7\" data-id=\"f24f1c7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96c2cbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96c2cbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/payalarora.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Payal Arora<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Payal Arora is an Indian digital anthropologist, full Professor and Chair in Technology, Values, and Global Media Cultures at Erasmus University Rotterdam, author and consultant.\u00a0<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma99186129212804102\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The next billion users: digital life beyond the West <\/a>\u00a0(2019);\u00a0<\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma9911207673204101\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The leisure commons: a spatial history of Web 2.0 <\/a>(2014)<\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/4u6ipk\/cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5898417\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Slumdog romance: Facebook love and digital privacy at the margins <\/a>\u00a0(2017);\u00a0<\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/4u6ipk\/cdi_gale_infotracacademiconefile_A338338940\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Typology of Web 2.0 spheres: Understanding the cultural dimensions of social media spaces <\/a>\u00a0(2012).<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98ef9fe\" data-id=\"98ef9fe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39dcff3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"39dcff3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"235\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/payala-235x300.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-429\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/payala-235x300.jpeg 235w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/payala-768x979.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/payala.jpeg 803w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 235px) 100vw, 235px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-381a40d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"381a40d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b633c83\" data-id=\"b633c83\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1adc5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1adc5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong>Soledad Ferreiro<\/strong><\/h4><p>Consultant for innovation, information and knowledge management projects. Former Director of Information Services and Libraries at the University of Chile.\u00a0<\/p><p><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/iilr.1997.0052\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dealing with Diversity and Digital Culture\u00a0 <\/a>(1997)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a687285\" data-id=\"a687285\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-829f38c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"829f38c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-56aebb0\" data-id=\"56aebb0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-639247c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"639247c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/religious-studies.northwestern.edu\/people\/visiting-scholars\/anna-piela.html\"><strong>Anna Piela<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Anna Piela has a PhD in Women&#8217;s Studies from the University of York. Her research focuses on interpretations of Islamic texts produced by Muslim women in online spaces, and she has published articles in the Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs and CyberOrient<\/p><ul><li>Muslim Women Online: Faith and Identity in Virtual Space (2012)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9c588e9\" data-id=\"9c588e9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7057dcd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7057dcd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/s200_anna.piela_.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-430\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/s200_anna.piela_.jpg 200w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/s200_anna.piela_-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/s200_anna.piela_-60x60.jpg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-32664e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"32664e0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0f472d9\" data-id=\"0f472d9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bba432a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bba432a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/annenberg.usc.edu\/faculty\/hernan-galperin\"><strong>Hern\u00e1n Galperin<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Hernan Galperin is an internationally recognized expert on Internet policy and digital inequality. His research uses surveys, field experiments and other quantitative methods to understand the determinants of broadband adoption and use, and how these are linked to the mechanisms of social stratification and gender discrimination.<\/p><ul><li><p><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/the-gig-economy-may-strengthen-the-invisible-advantage-men-have-at-work-86444\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Gig Economy May Strengthen the \u2018Invisible Advantage\u2019 Men Have At Work <\/a>(2018)<\/p><\/li><li><p><a class=\"external\" href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2139\/ssrn.2922874\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Geographical Discrimination in the Gig Economy <\/a>(2017)<\/p><\/li><li><p><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/ijoc.org\/index.php\/ijoc\/article\/view\/6287\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Why Are Half of Latin Americans Not Online? <\/a>\u00a0(2017)<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-462cfcf\" data-id=\"462cfcf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd97e59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cd97e59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/80339788_headshot2018v4-1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-431\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/80339788_headshot2018v4-1.jpeg 500w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/80339788_headshot2018v4-1-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/80339788_headshot2018v4-1-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/80339788_headshot2018v4-1-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b032766 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b032766\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c45473a\" data-id=\"c45473a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcb0155 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bcb0155\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.melissavillanicholas.net\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Melissa Villa-Nicholas<\/strong> <\/a><\/h4><p>Dr. Melissa Villa-Nicholas is an Assistant Professor in the Graduate School of Library and Information Studies at the University of Rhode Island. Her research interests include the history of Latina\/os with information technologies and information spaces, Latina\/o socio-techno practices, new media studies, and race\/class\/gender technology studies. Melissa teaches LIS students on inclusion, race and racism, intersectionality, and use and users of information.<\/p><p><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2056305119862643\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Latinx Digital Memory: Identity Making in Real Time <\/a>\u00a0(2019)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f64a22c\" data-id=\"f64a22c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f6ff83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6f6ff83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Melissa-Villa-Nicholas-web.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-432\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Melissa-Villa-Nicholas-web.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Melissa-Villa-Nicholas-web-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Melissa-Villa-Nicholas-web-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Melissa-Villa-Nicholas-web-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-acf0756 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"acf0756\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9f76eb0\" data-id=\"9f76eb0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18e3bff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"18e3bff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/chinmayiarun\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Chinmayi Arun <\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Assistant Professor of Law at the National Law University, Delhi, where she was founder and director of the Centre for Communication Governance.<\/p><p>Book:\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oxfordhandbooks.com\/view\/10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780190067397.001.0001\/oxfordhb-9780190067397\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Oxford Handbook of Ethics of AI,\u00a0 <\/a>Edited by Markus D. Dubber, Frank Pasquale, and Sunit Das, Chapter:\u00a0AI and the Global South: Designing for Other Worlds.<\/p><ul><li>\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-acb15b3\" data-id=\"acb15b3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0259144 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0259144\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/me_400x400.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-433\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/me_400x400.jpeg 400w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/me_400x400-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/me_400x400-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/me_400x400-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-03fabe8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"03fabe8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ad3b4a3\" data-id=\"ad3b4a3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a165fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a165fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"http:\/\/www.markgraham.space\/\"><strong>Mark Graham<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Mark Graham is an economic geographer. His research focuses on digital labour, the gig economy, and digital inequalities. He is the author, most recently, of The Gig Economy: A Critical Introduction.<\/p><ul><li class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/i-1AJxWTDxM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Digital Labour and Development: New Knowledge Economies or Digital Sweatshops <\/a>(2016)<\/li><li class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3499706\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Digital Labour at Economic Margins: African Workers and the Global Information Economy <\/a>(2019)<\/li><li class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\">\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1177\/1024529420914473\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Freedom, Flexibility, Precarity and Vulnerability in the Gig Economy in Africa\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b58ffe3\" data-id=\"b58ffe3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-898df76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"898df76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"170\" height=\"170\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/mark-graham-1-170x170-1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-434\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/mark-graham-1-170x170-1.jpeg 170w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/mark-graham-1-170x170-1-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/mark-graham-1-170x170-1-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 170px) 100vw, 170px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5411d17 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5411d17\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5e85c83\" data-id=\"5e85c83\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3575bf3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3575bf3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/cyber.harvard.edu\/people\/babatunde-okunoye\"><strong>Babatunde Okunoye<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Babatunde Okunoye is a researcher on digital society, particularly in the context of the global south. His research focuses on Information Communications Technologies for Development (ICT4D).\u00a0Babatunde led research at Paradigm Initiative, a social enterprise working on digital rights and inclusion in Africa.\u00a0Babatunde\u2019s current research focuses on the use of aggregate search engine queries to inform public policy and international development, particularly in statistically poor contexts of developing countries. \u00a0<\/p><ul><li id=\"8093\" class=\"do dp dq dr b ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/berkman-klein-center\/what-happened-with-digital-rights-in-africa-in-q1-2021-93a890cf3e2d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What happened with digital rights in Africa in Q1 2021?<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"do dp dq dr b ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en\"><div class=\"\"><p id=\"e25a\" class=\"do dp dq dr b ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/berkman-klein-center\/data-for-better-lives-an-agenda-for-meaningful-connectivity-in-africa-baa3970d2bf9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Data for better lives <\/a>\u00a0(2020)<\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-28b14a4\" data-id=\"28b14a4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02d522d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"02d522d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Babatunde-Okunoye_picture.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-436\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Babatunde-Okunoye_picture.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Babatunde-Okunoye_picture-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Babatunde-Okunoye_picture-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ea44b0b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ea44b0b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f73a3b1\" data-id=\"f73a3b1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f9714b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f9714b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/abebabirhane.wordpress.com\/about\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Abeba Birhane\u00a0<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Abeba Birhane\u00a0is an Ethiopian-born\u00a0cognitive scientist\u00a0who works at the intersection of\u00a0complex adaptive systems,\u00a0machine learning,\u00a0algorithmic bias, and\u00a0critical race studies. Birhane&#8217;s groundbreaking work with Vinay Prabhu uncovered that large-scale image datasets commonly used to develop AI systems, including\u00a0ImageNet\u00a0and\u00a080 Million Tiny Images, carried racist and misogynistic labels and offensive images.\u00a0She has been recognized by\u00a0VentureBeat\u00a0as a top innovator in computer vision.<\/p><ul><li><p><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/reallifemag.com\/the-algorithmic-colonization-of-africa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Algorithmic Colonization of Africa <\/a>(2019)<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b67b9d5\" data-id=\"b67b9d5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d17830 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6d17830\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"718\" height=\"523\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/2001_Birhane_A_003a-718x523-1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-435\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/2001_Birhane_A_003a-718x523-1.jpeg 718w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/2001_Birhane_A_003a-718x523-1-300x219.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 718px) 100vw, 718px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-96617c1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"96617c1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-65e64b8\" data-id=\"65e64b8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4600c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b4600c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Film &amp; Video<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a300d7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4a300d7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b9ea66a\" data-id=\"b9ea66a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9684fad elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"9684fad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=_fC7acShZkg&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6ed9073\" data-id=\"6ed9073\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b8bf0a elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"2b8bf0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=RPjtq2PnsUw&amp;feature=youtu.be&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d1b37dd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d1b37dd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4781bdd\" data-id=\"4781bdd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3b3209 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e3b3209\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/_fC7acShZkg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Is Big Tech colonising the internet? | All Hail The Algorithm<\/a><\/h4><p>Google, WeChat, Facebook, Huawei and many other American and Chinese tech companies are racing to partner with governments across Africa and Asia, building telecom and tech infrastructure, \u2018connecting the unconnected\u2019 and making mobile technology much more affordable. But in the process, are they building data empires and colonizing the internet?<\/p><p>Source: Al Jazeera English<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8048622\" data-id=\"8048622\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d420221 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d420221\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/RPjtq2PnsUw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Access To The Internet As A Human Right <\/a>(2020)<\/h4><p>In this talk, Kgomotso tells us that a failure to guarantee access to the internet for all would further widen the economic gap of inequality in a highly interconnected world. Creating access to the internet for all would lead to just and equitable societies and enabling free access will further enable the realisation of virtually all other rights in the Constitution. Kgomotso is a lecturer at the University of Johannesburg in the Faculty of Law.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ada7d56 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ada7d56\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-44406a5\" data-id=\"44406a5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ddb0494 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"ddb0494\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=CYt7mwfJIzI&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7b2b192\" data-id=\"7b2b192\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-730214d elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"730214d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=3_NACKOLwKk&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-babb66d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"babb66d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6331216\" data-id=\"6331216\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a0c6dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4a0c6dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"title-and-badge style-scope ytd-video-renderer\"><a id=\"video-title\" class=\"yt-simple-endpoint style-scope ytd-video-renderer external youtubed\" title=\"Digital colonialism and my human rights | Nobukhosi Zulu | TEDxLytteltonWomen\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=CYt7mwfJIzI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Digital colonialism and my human rights | Nobukhosi Zulu | TEDxLytteltonWomen by TEDx Talks 2 years ago 14 minutes, 32 seconds 2,096 views\">Digital colonialism and my human rights | Nobukhosi Zulu <\/a><\/h4><p>The rise of digital empires that have seemingly unlimited access to our data is a cause for concern as this data grants them vast powers. The more we relinquish our data, the more we place ourselves at risk to be controlled and dominated by digital empires. Human rights must remain at the forefront of conversations around digital growth and increased access. There is a need to pause and unpack the true hidden prices that we are paying when we voluntarily subscribe to the digital colonies. Experienced human rights advocate with a demonstrated history of working in legal practice and research. Special focus on access to and protection of information, human rights and constitutionalism.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5bfb530\" data-id=\"5bfb530\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4fd27f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c4fd27f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/3_NACKOLwKk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Digital Witnesses: The Power of Looking<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h4><p class=\"title-and-badge style-scope ytd-video-renderer\">Hannane Ferdjani, Nana Mgbechikwere Nwachukwu, and Dr. Allissa Richardson explore how young Black people around the world are utilizing tech tools to track and circumvent oppressive policies by repressive governments. The conversation includes how Black people of Nigeria, Uganda, and the United States are leveraging social media platforms such as YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, and Clubhouse for artistic expressions on political and social issues in their countries. The panel also considers how young digital activists highlight the importance and place of the digital civic space to rights and freedoms offline. Finally, the discussion will address some of the limitations of digital tools in holding repressive governments and institutional bodies accountable. This event was moderated by Ellery Roberts Biddle.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fd7bbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fd7bbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9945767\" data-id=\"9945767\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8bef27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d8bef27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Books &amp; Articles<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f58de3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f58de3d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57aebfb\" data-id=\"57aebfb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b18816 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b18816\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.palgrave.com\/gp\/book\/9783030527006\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Academic Knowledge Production and the Global South (2020)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>This book investigates and critically interprets the underrepresentation of the global South in global knowledge production. The author analyses the serious bias towards scholars and institutions from this region: he argues that this phenomenon causes serious disadvantages not only for authors and institutions, but global science as well by impeding the flow of fresh, innovative scholarship.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>Author: M\u00e1rton Demeter<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6bb5659\" data-id=\"6bb5659\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43c78b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"43c78b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/psmag.com\/environment\/digital-divide-more-complicated-than-access\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"153\" height=\"215\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/9783030527006.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-438\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43f8376 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43f8376\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1647abe\" data-id=\"1647abe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82bd67a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"82bd67a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/opinions\/2020\/11\/12\/how-social-media-regulations-are-silencing-dissent-in-africa\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">How Social Media Regulations Are Silencing Dissent in Africa (2020)<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>Despite looking progressive on the surface, social media regulations in Africa are not fighting hate speech and disinformation.<\/p><p>By: Tafi Mhaka<\/p><p>Source: Al Jazeera | Opinion<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c313bb\" data-id=\"4c313bb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-afc2e2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"afc2e2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma9911325812004101\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"310\" height=\"163\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga-4.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-439\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga-4.jpeg 310w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga-4-300x158.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 310px) 100vw, 310px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a80bc3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4a80bc3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d51b69\" data-id=\"3d51b69\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d1a9fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d1a9fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/opinions\/2021\/2\/11\/how-should-social-media-be-regulated\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">How Should Social Media Be Regulated? (2021)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>\u201cRegulation on social media should not be established only with US interests in mind.\u201d Nanjala Nyabola discusses the role of social media in the 2020 elections in Uganda and calls for social media regulation that is sensitive to the needs of different regions.<\/p><p>Author: Nanjala Nyabola<\/p><p>Source: Al Jazeera | Opinion<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bbe5763\" data-id=\"bbe5763\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97ee996 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"97ee996\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma99185955492504102\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"310\" height=\"163\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga-5.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-440\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga-5.jpeg 310w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga-5-300x158.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 310px) 100vw, 310px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b05b87e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b05b87e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f1a6b09\" data-id=\"f1a6b09\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c11bcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9c11bcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/global\/2018\/10\/09\/internet-connectivity-seen-as-having-positive-impact-on-life-in-sub-saharan-africa\/\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Internet Connectivity Seen as Having Positive Impact on Life in Sub-Saharan Africa (2018)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>Sub-Saharan Africa has experienced dramatic gains in internet use in recent years. With this rapid growth in connectivity have come a host of potential problems, including\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/thetwo-way\/2018\/05\/19\/612649393\/kenyas-crackdown-on-fake-news-raises-questions-about-press-freedom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">fake news <\/a>,\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/03\/20\/world\/africa\/kenya-cambridge-analytica-election.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">political targeting and manipulation <\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-africa-44899854\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">financial scams <\/a>, among others. Yet according to a new Pew Research Center analysis, most sub-Saharan Africans feel positively about the role the internet plays in their country.\u00a0<\/p><p>Source: Pew Research Center<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f5fb41\" data-id=\"4f5fb41\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7fbd82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b7fbd82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/PG_18.08.28_AfricaTech_Featured-Image.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-441\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/PG_18.08.28_AfricaTech_Featured-Image.jpg 640w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/PG_18.08.28_AfricaTech_Featured-Image-300x150.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-36674ac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"36674ac\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4eced54\" data-id=\"4eced54\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-197a6d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"197a6d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/global\/2018\/10\/09\/internet-connectivity-seen-as-having-positive-impact-on-life-in-sub-saharan-africa\/\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">How new media platforms have become powerful across Africa (2018)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>&#8220;New media platforms can be powerful forces for democracy and also a space for dangerous, sectarian and divisive ideas. A number of governments seem to be exploiting these fears in a bid to control these platforms. These attempts are likely to become a lot more commonplace across Africa. Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia and Gambia have already passed laws that target social media users specifically. Some of these laws\u00a0criminalise free speech online, while others have made the use of social media too\u00a0expensive for users. &#8220;<\/p><p>Source: The Conversation<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0d1028e\" data-id=\"0d1028e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-927e062 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"927e062\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"528\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/file-20181206-128205-pdhoos.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-442\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/file-20181206-128205-pdhoos.jpeg 926w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/file-20181206-128205-pdhoos-300x217.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/file-20181206-128205-pdhoos-768x556.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4b839ec elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4b839ec\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-edde4bf\" data-id=\"edde4bf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5f8dae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d5f8dae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/reallifemag.com\/the-algorithmic-colonization-of-africa\/\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">The Algorithmic Colonization of Africa (2019)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>Data and AI seem to provide quick solutions to complex social problems. And this is exactly where problems arise. Around the world, AI technologies are gradually being integrated into decision-making processes in such areas as insurance, mobile banking, health care and education services.\u00a0But in the race to build the latest hiring app or state-of-the-art mobile banking system, startups and companies lose sight of the people behind each data point. \u201cData\u201d is treated as something that is up for grabs, something that uncontestedly belongs to tech companies and governments, completely erasing individuals.\u00a0The rights of the individual, the long-term social impacts of these systems, and their consequences, intended or unintended, on the most vulnerable are pushed aside \u2014 if they ever enter the discussion at all.<\/p><p>Source: Real Life Mag<\/p><p>By: Abeba Birhane<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-72a14fa\" data-id=\"72a14fa\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ee315 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"37ee315\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"485\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/SIM-4_1600_c-1024x680-1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-443\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/SIM-4_1600_c-1024x680-1.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/SIM-4_1600_c-1024x680-1-300x199.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/SIM-4_1600_c-1024x680-1-768x510.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Digital Culture in the Global South\/ Technological Colonialism Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders Nanjala Nyabola Nanjala Nyabola is a writer, political analyst, and activist based in Nairobi, Kenya. Nyabola writes extensively about African society and politics, technology, international law, and feminism for academic and non-academic publications. Digital democracy, analogue politics: how the Internet era is transforming [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3693,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-426","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/426","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3693"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=426"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/426\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=426"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":407,"date":"2021-08-19T17:59:43","date_gmt":"2021-08-19T17:59:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/?page_id=407"},"modified":"2021-08-20T20:26:06","modified_gmt":"2021-08-20T20:26:06","slug":"citizen-journalism","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/citizen-journalism\/","title":{"rendered":"Citizen Journalism and News on Digital Platforms"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"407\" class=\"elementor elementor-407\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51d00e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51d00e2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-149615d\" data-id=\"149615d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b1401b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b1401b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Citizen Journalism and News on Digital Platforms<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d1e943 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d1e943\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fffbde5\" data-id=\"fffbde5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dbdca7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8dbdca7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e367a8c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e367a8c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fdf8edc\" data-id=\"fdf8edc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5958755 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5958755\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.allissavrichardson.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Allissa V. Richardson <\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Allissa V. Richardson is\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/annenberg.usc.edu\/faculty\/communication-journalism\/allissa-richardson\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">assistant professor of journalism <\/a>\u00a0at USC Annenberg. She researches how African Americans use mobile and social media to produce innovative forms of journalism \u2014 especially in times of crisis.<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma9912971909804101\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a0<i>Bearing Witness While Black: African Americans, Smartphones, and the New Protest<\/i> <\/a><i>#Journalism<\/i>. 2020\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a166a2\" data-id=\"0a166a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b24603 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4b24603\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"293\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/220px-Dr._Allissa_V._Richardson.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-173\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0cb9ca4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0cb9ca4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d0df8d\" data-id=\"8d0df8d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2c9ee9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2c9ee9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"http:\/\/dfreelon.org\/\"><strong>Deen Freelon<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Deen Freelon is an associate professor in the School of Media and Journalism. \u00a0His research covers two major areas of scholarship: 1) political expression through digital media and 2) data science and computational methods for analyzing large digital datasets. \u00a0He has authored or co-authored more than 30 journal articles, book chapters and public reports, in addition to co-editing one scholarly book. \u00a0<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"gsc_a_at\" data-href=\"\/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;hl=en&amp;user=EjVT0LAAAAAJ&amp;citation_for_view=EjVT0LAAAAAJ:_FxGoFyzp5QC\">Opening closed regimes: what was the role of social media during the Arab Spring?\u00a0(2011)<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"gsc_a_at\" data-href=\"\/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;hl=en&amp;user=EjVT0LAAAAAJ&amp;citation_for_view=EjVT0LAAAAAJ:Xz60mAmATU4C\">Beyond the hashtags:# Ferguson,# Blacklivesmatter, and the online struggle for offline justice\u00a0(2016)<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2054c4\" data-id=\"a2054c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f56531 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f56531\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"128\" height=\"128\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/citations.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-415\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/citations.jpeg 128w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/citations-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 128px) 100vw, 128px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-985c58b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"985c58b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f24f1c7\" data-id=\"f24f1c7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96c2cbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96c2cbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.concordia.ca\/artsci\/sdbi\/faculty.html?fpid=gada-mahrouse\"><strong>Gada Mahrouse<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Gada Mahrouse is Associate Professor at the Simone de Beauvoir Institute, Concordia University where she teaches and researches in the areas of critical race studies, cultural studies, transnational feminist and post\/de-colonial theories. Her first book, entitled\u00a0<em>Conflicted commitments: Race, privilege and power in transnational solidarity activism<\/em>, focuses on the challenges of solidarity across asymmetrical power racialized relations (McGill Queens University Press, 2014).<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/j.ctt7zsz6x#:~:text=Conflicted%20Commitments%3A%20Race%2C%20Privilege%2C%20and%20Power%20in%20Solidarity%20Activism,-GADA%20MAHROUSE&amp;text=Book%20Description%3A,people%20in%20the%20global%20South.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Conflicted commitments: Race, privilege and power in transnational solidarity activism <\/a>\u00a0(2014)<\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/1367877907083082\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Race-ethical transnational activists with cameras: Mediators of compassion <\/a>\u00a0(2010)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98ef9fe\" data-id=\"98ef9fe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39dcff3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"39dcff3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/gada-300x300-1-300x300.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-417\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/gada-300x300-1.png 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/gada-300x300-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/gada-300x300-1-60x60.png 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-381a40d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"381a40d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b633c83\" data-id=\"b633c83\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1adc5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1adc5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/search?q=karen%20rundlet%C2%A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Karen Rundlet<\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>head of journalism at Knight Foundation. As a director in the Journalism Program, her focus is on investing in new methods and models to advance excellence in journalism and civic media as a way to support informed, local communities. Before entering the field of philanthropy, Rundlet worked as a journalist at the Miami Herald, where she developed the newsroom\u2019s first-ever video studio and led initiatives to make video integral to the MiamiHerald.com audience experience. She also contributed business reports to various public radio newsrooms, including WLRN\/Miami Herald News and American Public Media\u2019s \u201cMarketplace.\u201d\u00a0<\/p><section class=\"section section--body section--first section--last\"><div class=\"section-content\"><div class=\"section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn\"><ul><li id=\"previewTitle\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/informed-and-engaged\/beyond-live-at-five-whats-next-for-local-tv-news-d72a15b427a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Beyond \u201cLive at Five\u201d: What\u2019s Next for Local TV\u00a0News?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a687285\" data-id=\"a687285\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c05a39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9c05a39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Karen_staff.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-420\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Karen_staff.jpeg 400w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Karen_staff-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Karen_staff-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Karen_staff-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f020f95 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f020f95\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-acd5ac3\" data-id=\"acd5ac3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e733120 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e733120\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/journalism.arizona.edu\/people\/jessica-retis\">Jessica Retis<\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Associate Professor in the School of Journalism, Director of the <a href=\"https:\/\/journalism.arizona.edu\/bilingual\">Master\u2019s in Bilingual Journalism<\/a>\u00a0and Affiliated Faculty with the Center for Latin American Studies and the Human Rights Practice Program at the University of Arizona.<\/p><ul><li>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.democracyfund.org\/publications\/hispanic-media-today\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hispanic Media Today. Serving Bilingual and Bicultural Audiences in the Digital Age<\/a>\u00a0(Democracy Fund, 2019)<\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.realinstitutoelcano.org\/wps\/portal\/rielcano_es\/contenido?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=\/elcano\/elcano_es\/zonas_es\/lengua+y+cultura\/dt01-2015-retis-badillo-latinos-industrias-culturales-en-espanol-en-eeuu\">Latinos and Spanish-language Cultural Industries in the U.S.<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4b99d62\" data-id=\"4b99d62\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a61bd61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a61bd61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Jessica-Retis.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-449\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Jessica-Retis.jpeg 480w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Jessica-Retis-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Jessica-Retis-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Jessica-Retis-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-829f38c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"829f38c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-56aebb0\" data-id=\"56aebb0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-639247c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"639247c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"bio-name\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ealshafei?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\"><strong>Esra\u2019a Al Shafei<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Esra\u2019a Al Shafei is a Bahraini civil rights activist, blogger, and the founder and executive director of Majal (Mideast Youth) and its related projects, including CrowdVoice.org. Al Shafei is a senior TED fellow, an Echoing Green fellow.<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/majal.org\/crowdvoice-org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Crowd Voice<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9c588e9\" data-id=\"9c588e9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7057dcd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7057dcd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"240\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Popovaheadshot_bw.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-421\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Popovaheadshot_bw.jpeg 240w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Popovaheadshot_bw-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Popovaheadshot_bw-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-96617c1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"96617c1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-65e64b8\" data-id=\"65e64b8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4600c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b4600c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Film &amp; Video<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-38c4ddc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"38c4ddc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0fb51d7\" data-id=\"0fb51d7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-050fc6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"050fc6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=S0apLLG5Ww4&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1a124a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d1a124a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/S0apLLG5Ww4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hong Kong Police Livestream Protests on Facebook\u00a0<\/a><\/h4><p>The battle over the future of Hong Kong is playing out on a fresh front as police intensify their crackdown on the press. New regulations allow the police to say who is\u2014and who isn&#8217;t\u2014a journalist.\u00a0<\/p><p>Source: VICE<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b387810\" data-id=\"b387810\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4069fc3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"4069fc3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=TWqqfmq0scA&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-903e0d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"903e0d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/TWqqfmq0scA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Video Can Create a Just Society(2018<\/a>)<\/h4><p>\u201cWe live, at the moment, in a country where basic rights are really being violated,\u201d Yvette Alberdingk Thijm told The Atlantic at the 2018 Aspen Ideas Festival. Thijm is the Executive Director of WITNESS, a global team of activists that empowers citizens to use video and technology to protect and defend human rights. Thijm argues that bystander videos are a powerful addition to criminal processes across the world. \u201cThere&#8217;s a real need to understand how video can help people prove what happened,\u201d she said. \u201cYou have a right to film.\u201d<\/p><p>Source: The Atlantic<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d76a32d\" data-id=\"d76a32d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-faa9000 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"faa9000\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=KkuKK_ZyXBg&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70bc76c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"70bc76c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/KkuKK_ZyXBg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sharing the Syrian War on YouTube for 7 Years<\/a> (2021)<\/h4><p>Abdullah \u201cAJ\u201d Jabbar has been vlogging his life in Syria for the past seven years, beginning when he was 13.\u00a0 His videos offer a unique look at complex country and conflict.<\/p><p>Source: VICE<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-49d4337 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"49d4337\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fd98b46\" data-id=\"fd98b46\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b07d57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"0b07d57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=82U8uXMYGYA&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3495878 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3495878\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/82U8uXMYGYA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Using Mobile Phones to Empower India&#8217;s Poor<\/a> (2014)<\/h4><p>In rural India, where Internet penetration can be less than one percent (leading to a &#8220;dark&#8221; media zone), journalist Shubhranshu Choudhary started a mobile phone network to help people voice local issues and concerns. Since CGNet Swara launched in 2010, citizens have called in more than 300,000 reports, and 4,700 fact-checked stories have been aired and shared on the CGNet Swara website and beyond.<\/p><p>Source: National Geographic<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-db83e7c\" data-id=\"db83e7c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c667205 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"c667205\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=ODkyYTPsHeM&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3911664 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3911664\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/ODkyYTPsHeM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">First-ever prison-produced podcast \u2018Ear Hustle\u2019 lets you listen to real stories of incarcerated life<\/a> (2017)<\/h4><p>Prisoners inside one of California\u2019s prisons are getting the opportunity to be heard &#8212; behind bars and beyond. \u201cEar Hustle\u201d is a podcast produced entirely by inmates at San Quentin, offering listeners a rare look at inmate experiences, from race relations to sharing a tiny cell. Jeffrey Brown reports.<\/p><p>Source: PBS NewsHour<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-df03a64\" data-id=\"df03a64\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95c43ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"95c43ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=-FEGcJeGeBg&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-367590f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"367590f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/-FEGcJeGeBg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How Smartphone Cameras Told The Story Of Police Brutality<\/a> (2020)<\/h4><p>In the last decade, the smartphone has become a tool for witnessing police violence toward African Americans. From the 2009 killing of Oscar Grant to the 2020 killing of George Floyd, we reviewed the footage and talked to the people who captured it, to see how the accounts of racial injustice became clearer as the phones evolved.<\/p><p>Source: Wall Street Journal<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fd7bbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fd7bbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9945767\" data-id=\"9945767\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8bef27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d8bef27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Books &amp; Articles<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f58de3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f58de3d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57aebfb\" data-id=\"57aebfb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b18816 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b18816\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.com\/news\/magazine\/2020\/06\/25\/criminal-justice-prison-conditions-san-quentin-media-335709\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">San Quentin&#8217;s Breakthrough Prison Newsroom (2020)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>A huge podcast hit and a revived newspaper mean that policymakers really have to listen.<\/p><p>Source: Politico<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6bb5659\" data-id=\"6bb5659\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43c78b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"43c78b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/psmag.com\/environment\/digital-divide-more-complicated-than-access\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"487\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/san-quentin-13-1024x683.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-423\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/san-quentin-13-1024x683.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/san-quentin-13-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/san-quentin-13-768x512.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/san-quentin-13-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/san-quentin-13-2048x1366.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43f8376 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43f8376\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1647abe\" data-id=\"1647abe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82bd67a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"82bd67a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/slate.com\/technology\/2021\/04\/twitter-spaces-this-week-in-cuba.html\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Cubans Are Using Twitter&#8217;s New Live Audio Platform to Slip Past Government Censors (2021)<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>Every Friday night for the past five weeks, hundreds of young Cubans have stayed up into the early morning to start their weekend off with a taste of something illicit: uncensored information. They are slipping past one of the world\u2019s strictest censorship regimes to tune into \u201cThis Week in Cuba,\u201d a Twitter-based live audio chatroom where prominent activists and social media influencers lead an open discussion of Cuban politics and current events. While the Cuban government does not forbid Twitter use on the island, Cubans who use the platform to tweet against the regime risk harassment, intimidation, and arrest.<\/p><p>Source: Slate<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c313bb\" data-id=\"4c313bb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-afc2e2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"afc2e2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma9911325812004101\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"487\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/43c89d58-bb3c-49e7-8d1a-9fc4ddba709e.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-424\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/43c89d58-bb3c-49e7-8d1a-9fc4ddba709e.jpeg 780w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/43c89d58-bb3c-49e7-8d1a-9fc4ddba709e-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/43c89d58-bb3c-49e7-8d1a-9fc4ddba709e-768x512.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a80bc3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4a80bc3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d51b69\" data-id=\"3d51b69\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d1a9fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d1a9fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/global.oup.com\/academic\/product\/digital-journalism-drones-and-automation-9780190655860?cc=us&amp;lang=en&amp;\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Digital Journalism, Drones, and Automation: The Language and Abstractions behind the News<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>Cate Dowd Provides insight into data, social media tagging, news tags, and cloud servers. Illustrated figures clearly outline key journalistic concepts, priorities, and values. Explains the fragmentation and repositioning of contemporary journalism in the context of big data.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bbe5763\" data-id=\"bbe5763\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97ee996 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"97ee996\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma99185955492504102\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"331\" height=\"410\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/41EspDMeptL._SX329_BO1204203200_-331x410.jpg\" class=\"attachment-dazzling-featured size-dazzling-featured wp-image-425\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ec2f56 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ec2f56\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ba3bbe\" data-id=\"2ba3bbe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9aa7c50 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9aa7c50\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fb21954\" data-id=\"fb21954\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfc24c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cfc24c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Web Resources<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2e53b49 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2e53b49\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bd294ed\" data-id=\"bd294ed\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b032c5e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b032c5e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/city-bureau\/why-were-creating-the-press-club-city-bureau-s-membership-program-8f278bca76b5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bettina Chang <\/a>\u00a0and Darryl Holiday, cofounders of City Bureau<\/p><p><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.citybureau.org\/our-mission\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">City Bureau <\/a><\/p><ul><li><a class=\"summary-title-link external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.citybureau.org\/notebook\/2021\/4\/7\/what-does-the-new-il-community-reinvestment-act-mean-for-racial-equity-in-home-lending\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What Does the New IL Community Reinvestment Act Mean for Racial Equity in Home Lending?<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.citybureau.org\/notebook\/2020\/12\/28\/10-projects-that-showed-the-power-of-community-in-2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10 Projects That Showed the Power of Community in 2020<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fa5bfcd\" data-id=\"fa5bfcd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Citizen Journalism and News on Digital Platforms Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders Allissa V. Richardson Allissa V. Richardson is\u00a0assistant professor of journalism \u00a0at USC Annenberg. She researches how African Americans use mobile and social media to produce innovative forms of journalism \u2014 especially in times of crisis. \u00a0Bearing Witness While Black: African Americans, Smartphones, and the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3693,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-407","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/407","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3693"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=407"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/407\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=407"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":371,"date":"2021-08-19T15:52:40","date_gmt":"2021-08-19T15:52:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/?page_id=371"},"modified":"2021-08-30T13:50:41","modified_gmt":"2021-08-30T13:50:41","slug":"technology-regulation-copyright","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/technology-regulation-copyright\/","title":{"rendered":"Technology Regulation &amp; Copyright"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"371\" class=\"elementor elementor-371\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51d00e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51d00e2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-149615d\" data-id=\"149615d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b1401b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b1401b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Technology Regulation &amp; Copyright<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d1e943 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d1e943\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fffbde5\" data-id=\"fffbde5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dbdca7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8dbdca7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e367a8c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e367a8c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fdf8edc\" data-id=\"fdf8edc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5958755 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5958755\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.birmingham.ac.uk\/staff\/profiles\/law\/yeung-karen.aspx\">Karen Yeung<\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Karen is Professor at the University of Birmingham where she is Interdisciplinary Professorial Fellow in Law, Ethics and Informatics. She is actively involved in several technology policy and related initiatives in the UK and worldwide, including those concerned with the governance of AI, one of her key research interests.\u00a0<\/p><p>Conference at the Alan Turing Institute:\u00a0<a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bNu0eKWuOvM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Transparency in algorithmic decision-making<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a166a2\" data-id=\"0a166a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b24603 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4b24603\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga12-300x300.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-504\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga12.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga12-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga12-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0cb9ca4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0cb9ca4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d0df8d\" data-id=\"8d0df8d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2c9ee9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2c9ee9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"page-title d-flex\"><a href=\"https:\/\/facultydirectory.virginia.edu\/faculty\/sv2r\"><strong>Siva Vaidhyanathan<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Siva Vaidhyanathan is the Robertson Professor of Media Studies and director of the Center for Media and Citizenship at the University of Virginia. Vaidhyanathan directs the Center for Media and Citizenship at the University of Virginia, which produces a television show, a radio program, several podcasts, and the Virginia Quarterly Review magazine.\u00a0<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma99186368514604102\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Intellectual Property: A Very Short Introduction <\/a>\u00a0(2017)<\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma99186373953704102\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Googlization of Everything &#8212; and Why We Should Worry\u00a0 <\/a>(2011)<\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/kheWKllT2wU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Siva Vaidhyanathan: &#8220;Antisocial Media: How Facebook Disconnects People and Undermines Democracy&#8221; <\/a>(2018)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2054c4\" data-id=\"a2054c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f56531 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f56531\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"180\" height=\"180\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/QY2izpYxfmHmm7EuJMbSGg5rzj2lpjPKepL29qkI.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-284\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/QY2izpYxfmHmm7EuJMbSGg5rzj2lpjPKepL29qkI.jpeg 180w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/QY2izpYxfmHmm7EuJMbSGg5rzj2lpjPKepL29qkI-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/QY2izpYxfmHmm7EuJMbSGg5rzj2lpjPKepL29qkI-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 180px) 100vw, 180px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-985c58b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"985c58b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f24f1c7\" data-id=\"f24f1c7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96c2cbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96c2cbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"page-title d-flex\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jamesmeese.net\/\"><strong>James Meese<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>James studies media law and policy. He currently holds an early career research fellowship from the Australian Research Council to study the algorithmic distribution of news. James has also received funding from the International Association of Privacy Professionals and the Australian Communications Consumer Action Network. His two books are Authors, Users, Pirates: Subjectivity and Copyright Law (MIT Press) and Death and Digital Media (Routledge, co-authored).<\/p><ul><li>Facebook, news media and platform dependency: The institutional impacts of news distribution on social platforms\u00a0 (2021)<\/li><li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/researchrepository.rmit.edu.au\/esplorows\/assetMapper?instCode=61RMIT_INST&amp;path=http%3A%2F%2Fresearchbank.rmit.edu.au%2Fview%2Frmit%3A2006096369\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Telecommunications Companies as Digital Broadcasters: The Importance of Net Neutrality in Competitive Markets<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0(Links to an external site.)<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 (2020)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98ef9fe\" data-id=\"98ef9fe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39dcff3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"39dcff3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"238\" height=\"238\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/image-20151108-16277-3j5m59.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-373\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/image-20151108-16277-3j5m59.jpeg 238w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/image-20151108-16277-3j5m59-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/image-20151108-16277-3j5m59-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 238px) 100vw, 238px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-381a40d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"381a40d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b633c83\" data-id=\"b633c83\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1adc5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1adc5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"page-title d-flex\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en-law.tau.ac.il\/profile\/elkiniva\"><strong>Niva Elkin-Koren<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Niva Elkin-Koren is the Founding Director of the Haifa Center for Law &amp; Technology (HCLT), a Co-Director of the Center for Cyber, Law and Policy.\u00a0Her research focuses on innovation policy and access to knowledge, digital governance, online platforms, and the legal implications of AI and big data. She is currently studying the implications of governmental access to data for data-driven-innovation. She is also interested in predictive justice and seek to develop new measures for keeping a check on algorithmic adjudication.<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"external\" title=\"Contesting Algorithms: Restoring the Public Interest in Content-Removal AI\" href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1177\/2053951720932296\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Contesting Algorithms: Restoring the Public Interest in Content-Removal AI\"><em>Contesting Algorithms: Restoring the Public Interest in Content-Removal AI\u00a0(2020)<\/em><span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"external\" title=\"Fair Use by Design\" href=\"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3217839\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Fair Use by Design\"><em>Fair Use by Design\u00a0(2017)\u00a0<\/em><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a687285\" data-id=\"a687285\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c05a39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9c05a39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Niva-Elkin-Koren.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-374\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Niva-Elkin-Koren.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Niva-Elkin-Koren-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Niva-Elkin-Koren-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-829f38c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"829f38c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-56aebb0\" data-id=\"56aebb0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-639247c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"639247c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/researchprofiles.canberra.edu.au\/en\/persons\/yoonmo-sang\"><strong>Yoonmo Sang<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Senior Lecturer in the Faculty of Arts &amp; Design at the University of Canberra where he is a member of the News &amp; Media Research Centre. He researches the intersections of new media technologies and the law, focusing on how socio-cultural and technological changes advantage and\/or disadvantage different stakeholders. His research interests also include civic and community engagement through social media and individuals&#8217; attitudes and behavioral intentions regarding new media technologies.<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"link external\" href=\"https:\/\/researchprofiles.canberra.edu.au\/en\/publications\/fair-use-in-practice-south-korean-film-directors-copyright-unders\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fair Use in Practice: South Korean Film Directors\u2019 Copyright Understanding (2021) <\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"link external\" href=\"https:\/\/researchprofiles.canberra.edu.au\/en\/publications\/platforms-governance-analyzing-digital-platforms-policy-preferenc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Platforms\u2019 Governance: Analyzing Digital Platforms\u2019 Policy Preferences (2021) <\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/researchprofiles.canberra.edu.au\/en\/publications\/copyright-alert-system\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Copyright Alert System (2020)\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9c588e9\" data-id=\"9c588e9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7057dcd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7057dcd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"160\" height=\"213\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descargass.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-376\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-32664e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"32664e0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0f472d9\" data-id=\"0f472d9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bba432a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bba432a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/journalism.utexas.edu\/faculty\/wenhong-chen\"><strong>Wenhong Chen\u00a0<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Dr. Wenhong Chen is associate professor of media studies and sociology at the University of Texas at Austin. Her research has focused on digital media technologies in entrepreneurial and civic settings. Dr. Chen has more than 70 publications, including articles in top-ranked journals in the fields of communication and media studies, sociology, and management.<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"gsc_a_at\" data-href=\"\/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;hl=en&amp;user=Q_6XgZ4AAAAJ&amp;citation_for_view=Q_6XgZ4AAAAJ:wtggH7XvzjUC\">Digital inequalities and why they matter (2015)<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"gsc_a_at\" data-href=\"\/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;hl=en&amp;user=Q_6XgZ4AAAAJ&amp;cstart=20&amp;pagesize=80&amp;citation_for_view=Q_6XgZ4AAAAJ:j4q2y2WjfvkC\">Digital inequalities 2.0: Legacy inequalities in the information age (2020)<\/a><\/li><li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\u00a0<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-462cfcf\" data-id=\"462cfcf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd97e59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cd97e59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/faculty-rtf-chen.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-377\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/faculty-rtf-chen.jpeg 400w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/faculty-rtf-chen-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/faculty-rtf-chen-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/faculty-rtf-chen-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3e494fb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3e494fb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f69ec49\" data-id=\"f69ec49\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5eaec35 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5eaec35\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.american.edu\/soc\/faculty\/paufder.cfm\">Patricia Aufderheide<\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Professor of Communication Studies in the School of Communication at American University in Washington, D.C. She founded the School&#8217;s Center for Media &amp; Social Impact, where she continues as Senior Research Fellow. She is also a member of the Film and Media Arts division in the School of Communication.<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/discovery\/fulldisplay?docid=alma99185621333604102&amp;context=L&amp;vid=01WRLC_AMU:prod&amp;lang=en&amp;search_scope=WRLC_P_AU&amp;adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&amp;tab=WRLC_P_AU&amp;query=any,contains,reclaiming%20fair%20use\">Reclaiming Fair Use: How to Put Balance Back in Copyright (2018)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/discovery\/fulldisplay?docid=cdi_proquest_ebookcentral_EBC430641&amp;context=PC&amp;vid=01WRLC_AMU:prod&amp;lang=en&amp;search_scope=WRLC_P_AU&amp;adaptor=Primo%20Central&amp;tab=WRLC_P_AU&amp;query=any,contains,Documentary:%20A%20Very%20Short%20Introduction&amp;offset=0\">Documentary: A Very Short Introduction<\/a> (2007)<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/discovery\/fulldisplay?docid=alma9932272963604102&amp;context=L&amp;vid=01WRLC_AMU:prod&amp;lang=en&amp;search_scope=WRLC_P_AU&amp;adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&amp;tab=WRLC_P_AU&amp;query=any,contains,Communications%20Policy%20in%20the%20Public%20Interest&amp;offset=0\">Communications Policy and the Public Interest: the Telecommunications Act of 1996 (1999)<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-04f6bf9\" data-id=\"04f6bf9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19bca68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"19bca68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Pat_Aufderheide_221arw.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-523\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Pat_Aufderheide_221arw.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Pat_Aufderheide_221arw-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Pat_Aufderheide_221arw-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b032766 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b032766\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c45473a\" data-id=\"c45473a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcb0155 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bcb0155\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"bio-name\"><a href=\"https:\/\/elinorcarmi.com\/\"><strong>Elinor Carmi<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Elinor Carmi is a digital rights advocate, researcher and journalist who has been working, writing and teaching on deviant media, internet standards, cyber-feminism, software studies, sound studies and internet governance. In November 2017, Carmi defended her doctoral dissertation (Media and Communications Department at Goldsmiths, University of London), titled: \u201cProcessing spam: Conducting processed listening and rhythmedia to (re)produce people and territories\u201d, passing without corrections. Currently a Postdoctoral researcher at The University of Liverpool.<\/p><ul><li><span class=\"title\"><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk\/3104785\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Expanding the debate about content moderation: Scholarly research agendas for the coming policy debates <\/a><\/span>\u00a0(2020)<\/li><li><span class=\"title\"><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk\/3077759\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Media Distortions: Understanding the Power Behind Spam, Noise and Other Deviant Media<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f64a22c\" data-id=\"f64a22c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f6ff83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6f6ff83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"679\" height=\"817\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/blog-pic-2.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-379\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/blog-pic-2.jpeg 679w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/blog-pic-2-249x300.jpeg 249w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 679px) 100vw, 679px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-acf0756 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"acf0756\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9f76eb0\" data-id=\"9f76eb0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18e3bff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"18e3bff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"http:\/\/cyberlaw.stanford.edu\/about\/people\/daphne-keller\"><strong>Daphne Keller<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>She directs the Program on Platform Regulation at Stanford\u2019s Cyber Policy Center, and was formerly the Director of Intermediary Liability at CIS. Her work focuses on platform regulation and Internet users\u2019 rights.\u00a0Her recent\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hoover.org\/research\/who-do-you-sue\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.hoover.org\/research\/who-do-you-sue&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1557423907742000&amp;usg=AFQjCNH8PF2_X1ZHzNjpd5aQU2_2XDKQgA\">work<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0(Links to an external site.)<\/span><\/a>\u00a0focuses on legal protections for users\u2019 free expression rights when state and private power intersect, particularly through platforms\u2019 enforcement of Terms of Service or use of algorithmic ranking and recommendations.<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"gsc_a_at\" data-href=\"\/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;hl=en&amp;user=4a2GhhsAAAAJ&amp;citation_for_view=4a2GhhsAAAAJ:UebtZRa9Y70C\">Who do you sue? State and platform hybrid power over online speech (2019)<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"gsc_a_at\" data-href=\"\/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;hl=en&amp;user=4a2GhhsAAAAJ&amp;citation_for_view=4a2GhhsAAAAJ:9yKSN-GCB0IC\">Toward a clearer conversation about platform liability (2020)<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-acb15b3\" data-id=\"acb15b3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0259144 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0259144\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/daphne-keller-3-e1456506164396-400x400-1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-380\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/daphne-keller-3-e1456506164396-400x400-1.jpeg 400w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/daphne-keller-3-e1456506164396-400x400-1-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/daphne-keller-3-e1456506164396-400x400-1-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/daphne-keller-3-e1456506164396-400x400-1-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-03fabe8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"03fabe8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ad3b4a3\" data-id=\"ad3b4a3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a165fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a165fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/juliaangwin.com\/\"><strong>Julia Angwin<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>She is co-founder and editor-in-chief of\u00a0The Markup, a nonprofit newsroom that investigates the impact of technology on society. She was a senior reporter at\u00a0<i>ProPublica<\/i>\u00a0from 2014 to April 2018. and staff reporter at the New York bureau of\u00a0<i>The Wall Street Journal<\/i>\u00a0from 2000 to 2013. Angwin is author of non-fiction books,\u00a0<i>Stealing MySpace: The Battle to Control the Most Popular Website in America<\/i>\u00a0(2009) and\u00a0<i>Dragnet Nation<\/i>\u00a0(2014).<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/themarkup.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Markup <\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xQl9kPnLsCk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Keeping tech accountable: a conversation with Julia Angwin (2021)<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b58ffe3\" data-id=\"b58ffe3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-898df76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"898df76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"608\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/photo_9979-1024x853.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-381\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/photo_9979-1024x853.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/photo_9979-300x250.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/photo_9979-768x640.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/photo_9979.jpeg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ea44b0b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ea44b0b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f73a3b1\" data-id=\"f73a3b1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f9714b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f9714b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/karaswisher?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\"><strong>Kara Swisher<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>American journalist he is an opinion writer for\u00a0<i>The New York Times<\/i>, a contributing editor at\u00a0<i>New York<\/i>, the host of the podcast\u00a0<i>Sway<\/i>, and the co-host of the podcast\u00a0<i>Pivot.<\/i><\/p><ul><li>Podcast,\u00a0<a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/column\/sway\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sway<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/05\/07\/opinion\/sway-kara-swisher-alan-rusbridger.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Inside the decision of Trump&#8217;s Facebook Facebook Fate <\/a><\/li><li>There Must Be a Pony in Here Somewhere: The AOL Time Warner Debacle and the Quest for a Digital Future (2003)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b67b9d5\" data-id=\"b67b9d5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d17830 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6d17830\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/AP_17015694096795.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-382\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/AP_17015694096795.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/AP_17015694096795-300x195.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-96617c1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"96617c1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-65e64b8\" data-id=\"65e64b8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4600c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b4600c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Film &amp; Video<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-260a72b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"260a72b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b65ba50\" data-id=\"b65ba50\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c6db3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"4c6db3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=xEy78WGuE9E&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-67157de\" data-id=\"67157de\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fd482c elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"4fd482c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=wB5MQfueaho&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a02e83c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a02e83c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fde7a8\" data-id=\"6fde7a8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a0a623 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a0a623\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/xEy78WGuE9E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What Indians Think Of TikTok Ban In India | STREET DEBATE<\/a><\/h4><p>Right now, there is a lot of controversy surrounding the popular social media platform TikTok with the US in talks to ban the app. But did you know that it was already banned in some countries? On June 29, the Indian government announced that it would ban 59 Chinese apps from the country, including TikTok. As there were over 120 million TikTok users in India alone before the ban, we thought it would be interesting to see what Indians thought about this issue.<\/p><p>Source: Asian Boss<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-11809bb\" data-id=\"11809bb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d877d77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d877d77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/wB5MQfueaho\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Chinese React To Potential TikTok Ban In The US | STREET DEBATE (2020)<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h4><p>TikTok is a popular social media app that everybody seems to be talking about these days. The Chinese company-owned app is facing a potential ban in the US over data privacy concerns unless it gets acquired by a US company. This issue is getting a lot of media coverage, but have you wondered how ordinary Chinese citizens feel about the whole situation? We hit the streets of Shanghai to find out.<\/p><p>Source: Asian Boss<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fd7bbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fd7bbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9945767\" data-id=\"9945767\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8bef27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d8bef27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Books &amp; Articles<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f58de3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f58de3d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57aebfb\" data-id=\"57aebfb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b18816 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b18816\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.consentfultech.io\/\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Building Consentful Tech (2017)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p><strong>A lot of us know about consent\u00a0<\/strong>with regard to our physical bodies, like in the context of medical decisions or sexual activities. But when it comes to our digital lives, there\u2019s a lack of discussion about what consent means for our data, our identities, and our online interactions.<\/p><p>The Consentful Tech Project raises awareness, develops strategies, and shares skills to help people build and use technology consentfully.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6bb5659\" data-id=\"6bb5659\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43c78b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"43c78b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/psmag.com\/environment\/digital-divide-more-complicated-than-access\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"548\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Cover-1024x768.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-383\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Cover-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Cover-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Cover-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Cover-1536x1152.png 1536w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Cover-2048x1536.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b05b87e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b05b87e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f1a6b09\" data-id=\"f1a6b09\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c11bcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9c11bcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/discovery\/fulldisplay?context=PC&amp;vid=01WRLC_AMU:prod&amp;search_scope=WRLC_P_AU&amp;tab=WRLC_P_AU&amp;docid=cdi_crossref_primary_10_1111_rego_12158\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Algorithmic regulation: A critical interrogation&#8217; in Regulation &amp; Governance<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>Innovations in networked digital communications technologies, including the rise of \u201cBig Data,\u201d ubiquitous computing, and cloud storage systems, may be giving rise to a new system of social ordering known as algorithmic regulation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f5fb41\" data-id=\"4f5fb41\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7fbd82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b7fbd82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"595\" height=\"782\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/rego.2018.12.issue-4.cover_.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-384\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/rego.2018.12.issue-4.cover_.jpg 595w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/rego.2018.12.issue-4.cover_-228x300.jpg 228w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 595px) 100vw, 595px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7f3ba99 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7f3ba99\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-449d4eb\" data-id=\"449d4eb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-042359e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"042359e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5>\u00a0<\/h5><h5 class=\"c-page-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/recode\/2020\/2\/18\/21121286\/algorithms-bias-discrimination-facial-recognition-transparency\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Why algorithms can be racist and sexist<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>Humans are error-prone and biased, but that doesn\u2019t mean that algorithms are necessarily better. Still, the tech is already making important decisions about your life and potentially ruling over\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/technology\/2019\/12\/10\/facebooks-ad-delivery-system-drives-partisanship-even-if-campaigns-dont-want-it-new-research-shows\/\">which political advertisements you see<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/recode\/2019\/12\/12\/20993665\/artificial-intelligence-ai-job-screen\">how your application to your dream job is screened<\/a>, how police officers are\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vice.com\/en_us\/article\/d3m7jq\/dozens-of-cities-have-secretly-experimented-with-predictive-policing-software\">deployed in your neighborhood<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/recode\/2019\/12\/18\/21026229\/nyc-ai-algorithms-shadow-report\">even predicting your home\u2019s risk of fire<\/a>.<\/p><p>Source: Vox<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-08fd826\" data-id=\"08fd826\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-582a591 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"582a591\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga-3.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-385\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Technology Regulation &amp; Copyright Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders Karen Yeung Karen is Professor at the University of Birmingham where she is Interdisciplinary Professorial Fellow in Law, Ethics and Informatics. She is actively involved in several technology policy and related initiatives in the UK and worldwide, including those concerned with the governance of AI, one of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3693,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-371","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/371","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3693"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=371"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/371\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=371"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":326,"date":"2021-08-19T06:51:19","date_gmt":"2021-08-19T06:51:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/?page_id=326"},"modified":"2021-08-24T21:16:09","modified_gmt":"2021-08-24T21:16:09","slug":"incivility","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/incivility\/","title":{"rendered":"Incivility &amp; Content Regulation"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"326\" class=\"elementor elementor-326\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51d00e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51d00e2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-149615d\" data-id=\"149615d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b1401b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b1401b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Incivility &amp; Content Regulation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d1e943 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d1e943\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fffbde5\" data-id=\"fffbde5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dbdca7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8dbdca7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e367a8c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e367a8c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fdf8edc\" data-id=\"fdf8edc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5958755 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5958755\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #406b72\">Sarah Jeong<\/span><\/h4><p>Sarah Jeong is an American journalist specializing in information technology law and other technology-related topics. A member of the editorial board of The New York Times from 2018 to 2019, she was formerly a senior writer for The Verge and a contributing editor for Vice Media&#8217;s Motherboard website.\u00a0<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/cyber.harvard.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Berkman Klein Center<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/li><li>Author of:\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2018\/8\/28\/17777330\/internet-of-garbage-book-sarah-jeong-online-harassment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><i>The Internet of Garbage<\/i><span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=pUSctMLLNUE&amp;t=2681s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sarah Jeong on the Internet of Garbage\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a166a2\" data-id=\"0a166a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b24603 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4b24603\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sarah-jeong.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-327\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sarah-jeong.jpeg 400w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sarah-jeong-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sarah-jeong-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sarah-jeong-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0cb9ca4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0cb9ca4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d0df8d\" data-id=\"8d0df8d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2c9ee9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2c9ee9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #406b72\">Sarah T. Roberts<\/span><\/h4><p>Sarah T. Roberts is a professor, author, and scholar who specializes in content moderation of social media. She is an expert in the areas of internet culture, social media, digital labor, and the intersections of media and technology.<\/p><ul><li>Behind the Screen: Content Moderation in the Shadows of Social Media (2019)<\/li><li><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=FzqpQBwvXa8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How Facebook Moderates Content\u00a0<\/a>(2017)<\/li><li><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/J19Xa3-SN1M\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">re:publica 2016 \u2013 Sarah T. Roberts: Behind the Screen<\/a> (2016)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2054c4\" data-id=\"a2054c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f56531 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f56531\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Sarah_Roberts.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-328\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Sarah_Roberts.jpeg 512w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Sarah_Roberts-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Sarah_Roberts-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Sarah_Roberts-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-36b6c21 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"36b6c21\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-de99be8\" data-id=\"de99be8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8ba806 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d8ba806\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #406b72\">Brianna Wu<\/span><\/h4><p>Brianna Wu is an American video game developer and computer programmer. She co-founded Giant Spacekat, an independent video game development studio, with Amanda Warner in Boston, Massachusetts. She is also a blogger and podcaster on matters relating to the video game industry.<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=v1U1cT72JBc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Interview with Huffington Post <\/a>(2014)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b5697d6\" data-id=\"b5697d6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07d89cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"07d89cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Brianna_Wu.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-329\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b0dbb95 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b0dbb95\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-376442d\" data-id=\"376442d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2685234 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2685234\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #406b72\">Danielle Citron<\/span><span style=\"color: #406b72\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\nDanielle Citron is the Jefferson Scholars Foundation Schenck Distinguished Professor in Law\u00a0at UVA, where she writes and teaches about privacy, free expression and civil rights. Her scholarship and advocacy have been recognized nationally and internationally.\n<ul>\n \t<li>Slate article, <a href=\"https:\/\/slate.com\/technology\/2019\/10\/section-230-cda-moderation-update.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tech companies get a free pass on Moderating Content<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-733f9cc\" data-id=\"733f9cc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af1959f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"af1959f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"661\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Danielle_Citron-1024x927.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-330\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Danielle_Citron-1024x927.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Danielle_Citron-300x272.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Danielle_Citron-768x695.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Danielle_Citron.jpeg 1038w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-96617c1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"96617c1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-65e64b8\" data-id=\"65e64b8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4600c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b4600c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Film &amp; Video<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0dbab9b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0dbab9b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b6cddc1\" data-id=\"b6cddc1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-050fc6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"050fc6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/z1tJaouDwVw&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1a124a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d1a124a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #003300\"><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/z1tJaouDwVw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Social-Media Companies Threaten Democracy<span class=\"screenreader-only\"> \u00a0<\/span><\/a>(2019)<\/span><\/h5><p>Today, social-media companies like Facebook and Google are the gatekeepers of meaningful freedom of speech. This is problematic, argues the New York Law School Professor Nadine Strossen, because these companies often self-regulate in ways that violate the First Amendment.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a29d2c3\" data-id=\"a29d2c3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4069fc3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"4069fc3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/bAMMncH7RiA&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-903e0d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"903e0d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span class=\"screenreader-only\" style=\"color: #333300\"><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/bAMMncH7RiA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Internet Free Speech: Do you know your rights?\u00a0 <\/a>(2019)<\/span><\/h5><p>In theory, individuals should have the same rights online as they do in the physical world. But in practice, this is uncharted legal territory. Perhaps the most contentious area is free speech law.<\/p><p>Lata Nott<\/p><p>Source: The Atlantic<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fe1cbef\" data-id=\"fe1cbef\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9d0243 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"d9d0243\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/drFSP-SUl20&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32da7a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"32da7a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/drFSP-SUl20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&#8220;Wrap My Hijab&#8221; Rapper Mona Haydar Talks Sexism, Misogyny, and Religion on the Internet | ELLE\u00a0 <\/a><span style=\"color: #333300\">(2018)<\/span><\/h5><p>She&#8217;s a rapper. A chaplain. A feminist. And she wears a hijab. Meet Mona Haydar, the Muslim rapper whose 2017 musical debut sparked conversation, and controversy, all over the world wide web. Since, Mona has attracted an audience of fans \u2014 and haters \u2014 who&#8217;ve used the Internet to salute, and slam, the rising star. Watch as she shares her biggest gripes with being a public figure, a woman, on the Internet.<\/p><p>Source: ELLE<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e474fba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e474fba\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f23b866\" data-id=\"f23b866\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1eeb5e elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"e1eeb5e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/Nldo1hvNIjI&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d1b28f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6d1b28f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #003300\"><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/z1tJaouDwVw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span class=\"screenreader-only\"><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/Nldo1hvNIjI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">One helpful rule for being a Muslim on the internet \u2013 don\u2019t read the comments<\/a><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"color: #333333\">(2016)<\/span><\/span><\/h5><p>Turns out it&#8217;s not so easy being Muslim and online at the same time.\u00a0<\/p><p>Source: Vox<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1bbd732\" data-id=\"1bbd732\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a06a95a elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"a06a95a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/wK0p27dqZs8&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3c924b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e3c924b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span class=\"screenreader-only\" style=\"color: #333300\"><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/wK0p27dqZs8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Harassment is breaking Twitter&#8217;s free speech experiment<\/a> (2017)<\/span><\/h5><p>Source: Vox<\/p><p>Twitter started off as a radical free speech experiment, but widespread harassment is forcing the social media giant to rethink what kind of platform it wants to be.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8cef639\" data-id=\"8cef639\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-800f57d elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"800f57d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/_0eenlKilas&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-763a08f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"763a08f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #333300\"><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/_0eenlKilas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How Bad Are Online Haters In Korea? [STREET INTERVIEW]<\/a> (2019)<\/span><\/h5><p>Source: Asian Boss<\/p><p>Recently, a female YouTuber made headlines in Korea for suing approximately 100 of her online haters for defamation, despite evidence that she concocted her own scandal. This made us wonder how Koreans feel about online hate comments, and how big of a social issue it is in Korea.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-57cc89d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"57cc89d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-73ed3e4\" data-id=\"73ed3e4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2c62ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"d2c62ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/WOzNCaHlW4I&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f8121d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4f8121d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #333333\"><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/WOzNCaHlW4I\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Why is YouTube Erasing History? | NYT Opinion<\/a> (2019)<\/span><\/h5><p>In war zones, evidence captured on smartphones can provide a path to justice \u2014 but platforms like YouTube and Facebook are getting in the way. In the Video Op-Ed above, the Syrian activist and archivist Hadi Al Khatib urges platforms to overhaul and improve their content moderation systems. He fears that automated removal, which in 2017 deleted 10 percent of the archive documenting violence in Syria, risks erasing critical history.<\/p><p>Source: New York Times<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-efa7c6e\" data-id=\"efa7c6e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e676d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"1e676d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/k9m0axUDpro&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c53c7c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c53c7c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span class=\"screenreader-only\" style=\"color: #333300\"><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/k9m0axUDpro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Field of Vision &#8211; The Moderators<\/a> (2017)<\/span><\/h5><p>*<span style=\"color: #993366\"><strong>Graphic Content<\/strong><\/span>* In an office in India, a cadre of Internet moderators ensures that social media sites are not taken over by bots, scammers, and pornographers. The Moderators shows the humans behind content moderation, taking viewers into the training process that workers go through in order to become social media\u2019s monitors.<\/p><p>Source: Field of Vision<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d580e41\" data-id=\"d580e41\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73a47cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"73a47cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/YLggqoPEfJU&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0734c54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0734c54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #333300\"><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/YLggqoPEfJU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Internet Trolls: Born That Way? <\/a>(2018)<\/span><\/h5><p>What type of people are Internet trolls? Several research studies have looked at trolling behavior and they have found that Internet trolls tend to have personality traits associated with the dark triad of personality traits, like psychopathy and machiavelianism. Host Myles Bess discusses why people participate in trolling and how trolling disproportionately affects women and people of color.<\/p><p>Source: Above the Noise | PBS Digital Studios<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-247e9f1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"247e9f1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d3349a\" data-id=\"3d3349a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5d9b17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"a5d9b17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/usclHi8jk2w&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f7be7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7f7be7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #333333\"><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/usclHi8jk2w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Here&#8217;s What Online Harassment Looks Like | AJ+ <\/a>(2018)<\/span><\/h5><p>AJ+ explores the targeted harassment women face online and how it can become all too real. It&#8217;s not just women who speak out, online harassment has also become part of the power and control of domestic violence.\u00a0<\/p><p>Source: AJ+<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5168411\" data-id=\"5168411\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c0c304b\" data-id=\"c0c304b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5afafd6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5afafd6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c9e5721\" data-id=\"c9e5721\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db6acbc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db6acbc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/ondemand\/thecleaners2018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Cleaners\u00a0 <\/a><span style=\"color: #333333\">(2018), Directed by H. Block and M. Riesewieck [Documentary] Germany: Gebrueder Beetz Filmproduktion.<\/span><\/h5><p>Enter a hidden third world shadow industry of digital cleaning, where the Internet rids itself of what it doesn\u2018t like. Here we meet five \u201cdigital scavengers\u201d, among thousands of people outsourced from Silicon Valley, whose job is to delete \u201cinappropriate\u201d content of the net. In a parallel struggle, we meet people around the globe whose lives are dramatically affected by online censorship. A typical \u201ccleaner\u201d must observe and rate thousands of often deeply disturbing images and videos every day, leading to lasting psychological impacts.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-895d2ba\" data-id=\"895d2ba\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f369a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9f369a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/ondemand\/thecleaners2018\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/The_Cleaners.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fd7bbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fd7bbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9945767\" data-id=\"9945767\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8bef27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d8bef27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Books &amp; Articles<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f58de3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f58de3d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57aebfb\" data-id=\"57aebfb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b18816 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b18816\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"css-cg9hi0\"><span style=\"color: #09616b\">Department for Digital, Culture, Media &amp; Sport (2019)\u00a0<a class=\"inline_disabled external\" style=\"color: #09616b\" href=\"https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/793360\/Online_Harms_White_Paper.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Online Harms White Paper <\/a>\u00a0(cp57)<\/span><\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6bb5659\" data-id=\"6bb5659\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43f8376 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43f8376\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1647abe\" data-id=\"1647abe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82bd67a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"82bd67a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/digital-single-market\/en\/news\/ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai\">\u00a0<\/a><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.propublica.org\/article\/facebook-enforcement-hate-speech-rules-mistakes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Facebook\u2019s Uneven enforcement of hate speech rules allows vile posts to stay up (2017)<\/a><\/span><\/h5><p>We asked Facebook about its handling of 49 posts that might be deemed offensive. The company acknowledged that its content reviewers had made the wrong call on 22 of them.<\/p><p>By: Ariana Tobin, Madeleine Varner, and Julia Angwin<\/p><p>Source: ProPublica<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c313bb\" data-id=\"4c313bb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-afc2e2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"afc2e2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.propublica.org\/article\/facebook-enforcement-hate-speech-rules-mistakes\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/20171228-facebook-hatebot-lead-3x2-1.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-767a3c5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"767a3c5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0674167\" data-id=\"0674167\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16cab2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16cab2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.propublica.org\/article\/facebook-hate-speech-censorship-internal-documents-algorithms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Facebook\u2019s Secret Censorship Rules Protect White Men From Hate Speech, But not black children <\/a>(2017)\u00a0<\/span><\/h5><p>A trove of internal documents sheds light on the algorithms that Facebook\u2019s censors use to differentiate between hate speech and legitimate political expression.<\/p><p>By: Julia Angwin, Hannes Grassegger<\/p><p>Source: ProPublica<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-81de952\" data-id=\"81de952\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33eb6fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"33eb6fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.propublica.org\/article\/facebook-hate-speech-censorship-internal-documents-algorithms\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/20170628-facebook-hate-speech-3x2-1.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d874bc0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d874bc0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d0384b0\" data-id=\"d0384b0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd11b3e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fd11b3e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/netzpolitik.org\/2019\/discrimination-tiktok-curbed-reach-for-people-with-disabilities\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">TikTok curbed reach for people with disabilities (2019)<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h5><p>Leaked documents reveal how TikTok hid videos of people with disabilities. Queer and fat users were also pushed out of view. The Chinese company says the rules were meant to protect vulnerable users.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-316efc3\" data-id=\"316efc3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86359c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"86359c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/netzpolitik.org\/2019\/discrimination-tiktok-curbed-reach-for-people-with-disabilities\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/handicapped-bullying-tiktok-860x484_eng-860x484-1.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c9534dd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c9534dd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-03d5b16\" data-id=\"03d5b16\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db90742 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db90742\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/when-limiting-online-speech-to-curb-violence-we-should-be-careful\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">When Limiting Online Speech to Curb Violence, We should be careful <\/a>\u00a0(2019)\u00a0<\/span><\/h5><p>Opinion: Silencing forums that spread mass violence can also silence the marginalized<\/p><p>By: Cindy Cohn<\/p><p>Source: Wired<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b312bad\" data-id=\"b312bad\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-810c75d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"810c75d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/when-limiting-online-speech-to-curb-violence-we-should-be-careful\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/OpEd-ElPaso-1159693606.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2b9e9af elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2b9e9af\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-aee8521\" data-id=\"aee8521\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cf3597 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3cf3597\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eff.org\/speaking-freely\/rima-sghaier\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Speaking Freely: Rima Sghaier\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/h5><p>Rima Sghaier is a human rights activist and researcher who works at the intersection of technology and human rights, particularly in the Middle East and North Africa. Rima grew up in Tunisia under the regime of Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, which lasted for twenty-four years. We discussed the impact of Tunisian internet censorship and much more.\u00a0<\/p><p>Source: Electronic Frontier Foundation<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ecae7ef\" data-id=\"ecae7ef\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4358892 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4358892\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eff.org\/speaking-freely\/rima-sghaier\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/rima2.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ade070e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ade070e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c039f63\" data-id=\"c039f63\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e252c91 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e252c91\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eff.org\/pages\/speaking-freely-sandra-ordonez\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Speaking Freely: Sandra Ordo\u00f1ez <\/a><\/span><\/h5><p>Sandra (Sandy) Ordonez is dedicated to protecting women being harassed online. Sandra is an experienced community engagement specialist, a proud NYC Latina resident of Sunset Park Brooklyn, and a recipient of Fundaci\u00f3n Carolina\u2019s Hispanic Leadership Award. She is also a long-time diversity and inclusion advocate, with extensive experience incubating and creating FLOSS and Internet Freedom\u00a0<\/p><p>Source: Electronic Frontier Foundation<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-846fb54\" data-id=\"846fb54\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a80009 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2a80009\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eff.org\/pages\/speaking-freely-sandra-ordonez\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/sandra-ordonez-2.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d09701a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d09701a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6c7b177\" data-id=\"6c7b177\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98f4b44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"98f4b44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eff.org\/speaking-freely\/evan-greer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Speaking Freely: Evan Greer <\/a><\/span><\/h5><p>Evan Greer is many things: A musician, an activist for LGBTQ issues, the Deputy Director of Fight for the Future, and a true believer in the free and open internet. Evan is a longtime friend of EFF, and it was great to chat with her about the state of free expression, and what we should be doing to protect the Internet for future activism.<\/p><p>Source: Electronic Frontier Foundation<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4e96017\" data-id=\"4e96017\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d107d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7d107d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eff.org\/speaking-freely\/evan-greer\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/evan.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-52ce1ac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"52ce1ac\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ad74f58\" data-id=\"ad74f58\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d16e28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d16e28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eff.org\/speaking-freely\/ahmet-alphan-sabanci\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Speaking Freely: Ahmet Alphan Sabanci\u00a0<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h5><p>Ahmet Alphan Sabanc\u0131 is a Turkish digital activist who works on free expression, security and privacy. He&#8217;s the founder of NewsLabTurkey and has contributed to EFF&#8217;s Surveillance Self-Defense. Ahmet spoke to me about his journey to becoming an activist, and what it&#8217;s like to fight back against Turkey&#8217;s censorship apparatus.<\/p><p>Source: Electronic Frontier Foundation<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-097a7f6\" data-id=\"097a7f6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1df644 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b1df644\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eff.org\/speaking-freely\/ahmet-alphan-sabanci\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/ahmet-1b.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ce55deb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ce55deb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-089c9e3\" data-id=\"089c9e3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-897e7c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"897e7c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/news\/series\/facebook-files\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Facebook Files<\/a>\u00a0(2017)<\/span><\/h5><p>Limited series of articles covering a variety of issues related to Facebook.<\/p><p>Source: The Guardian<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-db426ab\" data-id=\"db426ab\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe7e655 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fe7e655\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/news\/series\/facebook-files\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/3500.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f459d35 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f459d35\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8b26864\" data-id=\"8b26864\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7493341 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7493341\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma9911226075904101\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hate Crimes in CyberSpace <\/a>(2016)<\/span><\/h5><p>In an in-depth investigation of a problem that is too often trivialized by lawmakers and the media, Citron exposes the startling extent of personal cyber-attacks and proposes practical, lawful ways to prevent and punish online harassment. She reveals the serious emotional, professional, and financial harms incurred by victims. Persistent online attacks disproportionately target women and frequently include detailed fantasies of rape as well as reputation-ruining lies and sexually explicit photographs.<\/p><p>Citron, D. K. (2016) Hate Crimes in CyberSpace. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8443baf\" data-id=\"8443baf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da7f825 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"da7f825\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma9911226075904101\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/51CRgyeDmlL.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Incivility &amp; Content Regulation Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders Sarah Jeong Sarah Jeong is an American journalist specializing in information technology law and other technology-related topics. A member of the editorial board of The New York Times from 2018 to 2019, she was formerly a senior writer for The Verge and a contributing editor for Vice [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3016,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-326","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/326","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3016"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=326"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/326\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=326"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":293,"date":"2021-08-18T21:20:38","date_gmt":"2021-08-18T21:20:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/?page_id=293"},"modified":"2021-08-24T20:47:07","modified_gmt":"2021-08-24T20:47:07","slug":"mobile-culture","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/mobile-culture\/","title":{"rendered":"Mobile Culture"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"293\" class=\"elementor elementor-293\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c9956f8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c9956f8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d4b38d4\" data-id=\"d4b38d4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-656d6a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"656d6a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mobile culture<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f207c96 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f207c96\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-710a748\" data-id=\"710a748\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-548d29c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"548d29c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-75704ed elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"75704ed\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-71fa39a\" data-id=\"71fa39a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00b6441 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"00b6441\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/liberalarts.tamu.edu\/communication\/profile\/cara-wallis\/\">Cara Wallis<\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Book: T<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/j.ctt9qfcng\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">echnomobility in China: Young Migrant Women and Mobile Phones<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0(Links to an external site.)<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(2013)<\/p><p>Cara Wallis provides an intimate portrait of the social, cultural, and economic implications of mobile communication for a group of young women engaged in unskilled service work in Beijing, where they live and work for indefinite periods of time.<\/p><p>Talk at USC:<a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=v7Oa3XmqEMs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=v7Oa3XmqEMs<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-023d300\" data-id=\"023d300\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23e2c4b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"23e2c4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/s200_cara.walllis.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-299\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/s200_cara.walllis.jpg 200w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/s200_cara.walllis-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/s200_cara.walllis-60x60.jpg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9ebda31 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9ebda31\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-688a900\" data-id=\"688a900\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b998d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1b998d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/communication.ucsd.edu\/people\/profiles\/gates-kelly.html\">Kelly Gates<\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Professor Gates\u2019 research focuses on the critical analysis of digital media technologies. Her main emphasis has been the politics and social implications of computerization, and particularly the automation of surveillance, in the United States from the mid-twentieth century to the present.<\/p><p>Her 2011 book, Our Biometric Future: Facial Recognition Technology and the Culture of Surveillance, explores the effort underway since the 1960s to teach computers to see the human face.\u00a0<\/p><p>Book:\u00a0<i>Our Biometric Future<\/i><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=YxPTaxV7-5w\">Talk at UCSD<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b1d8388\" data-id=\"b1d8388\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbefa62 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dbefa62\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga4-250x300.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-493\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga4-250x300.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga4.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9fc0fcc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9fc0fcc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2cb38da\" data-id=\"2cb38da\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1938a2a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1938a2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/steinhardt.nyu.edu\/people\/radha-s-hegde\">Radha S. Hedge<\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Professor in the Department of Media, Culture and Communication at New York University. Her research and teaching focus on migration, media flows, globalization and transnational feminism. She is the author of\u00a0<em><a class=\"ext\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wiley.com\/WileyCDA\/WileyTitle\/productCd-0745646336.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-extlink=\"\">Mediating Migration<\/a>,<\/em>\u00a0(Polity 2016) editor of\u00a0<a class=\"ext\" href=\"https:\/\/nyupress.org\/books\/9780814737316\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-extlink=\"\"><em>Circuits<\/em><em>\u00a0of Visibility: Gender and Transnational Media Cultures<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(NYU Press, 2011) and co-editor of\u00a0<em><a class=\"ext\" href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3iLB7Wo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-extlink=\"\">Routledge Handbook of the Indian Diaspora<\/a>\u00a0(2<\/em>018). Her earlier work on gender identities and reproductive politics in south India include ethnographies conducted in south India on the subject of violence and motherhood.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-60585ba\" data-id=\"60585ba\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fb9dea elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2fb9dea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/1DSC_4753Radha_0.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-356\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/1DSC_4753Radha_0.jpeg 350w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/1DSC_4753Radha_0-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/1DSC_4753Radha_0-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/1DSC_4753Radha_0-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e2c20ce elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e2c20ce\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c00c684\" data-id=\"c00c684\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1db834f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1db834f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cola.unh.edu\/person\/nora-draper\">Nora A Draper<\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Associate Professor of Communication at the University of New Hampshire. Nora\u2019s research examines the political economic and sociocultural dimensions of media and technology\u00a0industries and has been published in the\u00a0<em>International Journal of Communication<\/em>, C<em>ritical Studies in Media Communication<\/em>,\u00a0<em>the Journal of Broadcast &amp; Electronic Media, Media Industries, Policy &amp; Internet<\/em>,\u00a0<em>Feminist Media Studies,\u00a0<\/em>and\u00a0<em>Surveillance &amp; Society<\/em>.\u00a0 Nora\u2019s first book\u00a0<em>The Identity Trade: Selling Privacy and Reputation Online\u00a0<\/em>(NYU Press, 2019)<em>,\u00a0<\/em>examines how the companies across the consumer privacy industry have responded to and shaped public concerns regarding identity, reputation, and surveillance through the promotion of tools and services to enhance personal privacy online.<\/p><p>Book:\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?rlz=1C5CHFA_enGB716GB743&amp;q=The+Identity+Trade:+Selling+Privacy+and+Reputation+Online+Nora+A.+Draper&amp;stick=H4sIAAAAAAAAAOPgE-LVT9c3NEwzzbAwSE9JUYJw042MCy0N8uK1pLKTrfST8vOz9RNLSzLyi6xA7GKF_LycykWsHiEZqQqeKal5JZkllQohRYkpqVYKwak5OZl56QoBRZllicmVCol5KQpBqQWlJYklmfl5Cv55QNlUBb_8okQFRz0Fl6LEgtSiHayMAEAnyfuKAAAA&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwi57NWdj-bvAhUCY6wKHbPCDTMQmxMoATAXegQIFRAD\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Identity Trade: Selling Privacy and Reputation Online<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-19f0da7\" data-id=\"19f0da7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4239920 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4239920\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"240\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga5-240x300.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-494\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga5-240x300.jpeg 240w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga5.jpeg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a929a17 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a929a17\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8bb2e56\" data-id=\"8bb2e56\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9c0b2a0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9c0b2a0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-abe613c\" data-id=\"abe613c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82539ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"82539ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Film &amp; Video<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-be2f0b3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"be2f0b3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-18838c5\" data-id=\"18838c5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b001d09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"b001d09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=qwHx09wOhj8&amp;feature=youtu.be&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4fe88fd\" data-id=\"4fe88fd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-587e7eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"587e7eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=zGCxiD4qREM&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e380516 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e380516\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4d04cdc\" data-id=\"4d04cdc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0e77bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b0e77bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=qwHx09wOhj8\">How North Korea Is Using Smartphones as Weapons of Mass Surveillance (2017)<\/a><\/h4><p>As smartphones and mobile devices become more common in North Korea, technology isn\u2019t just improving communication; it\u2019s giving the government a powerful tool to spy on its people. The Wall Street Journal investigates Pyongyang\u2019s sophisticated surveillance technologies.<\/p><p>Source: Wall Street Journal<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d3fdd0f\" data-id=\"d3fdd0f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a118a29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a118a29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zGCxiD4qREM\">Mobile phone usage explodes in Africa, spurring innovation (2014)<\/a><\/h4><p>A drive through Kenya&#8217;s bustling capital of Nairobi reveals a nation in love &#8212; with the mobile phone. Across the African continent, improvements in mobile phone technology and greater access to the internet are spurring new innovations in the tech sector. Special correspondent Martin Seemungal reports from Kenya, the East African nation leading the trend.<\/p><p>Source: PBS NewsHour\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f6440d4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f6440d4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ecad80f\" data-id=\"ecad80f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e70ed1d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e70ed1d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-68938d8\" data-id=\"68938d8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca2cf24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ca2cf24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Books &amp; Articles<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-16c7f93 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"16c7f93\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c64e7cc\" data-id=\"c64e7cc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20d0cbc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"20d0cbc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"http:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2012\/09\/13\/world\/africa\/mobile-phones-change-africa\/index.html\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Seven ways mobile phones have changed lives in Africa (2012)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>Mobile phone technology has grown significantly over the past decade. Nigeria has close to 100M mobile phone lines, making it Africa&#8217;s largest telecoms market.<\/p><p>Source: CNN | World<\/p><p>By\u00a0Tolu Ogunlesi<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-00ebdfa\" data-id=\"00ebdfa\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ff8bab elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7ff8bab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga-1.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3ea7b5f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3ea7b5f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-da6e581\" data-id=\"da6e581\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3dffb44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3dffb44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"headline__text inline-placeholder\" data-editable=\"headlineText\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2012\/09\/27\/tech\/mobile-culture-usage\/index.html\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Cell phone culture: How cultural differences affect mobile use (2012)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><div class=\"source\" data-uri=\"cms.cnn.com\/_components\/source\/instances\/source-h_920782e224da0731c28b5c96102ad2ee@published\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>It is a device that three quarters of the world\u2019s inhabitants have access to, according to the World Bank, but the words to describe it and etiquette of how to use it differ starkly across cultures.<\/div><div class=\"source\" data-uri=\"cms.cnn.com\/_components\/source\/instances\/source-h_920782e224da0731c28b5c96102ad2ee@published\">Source: CNN | Business<\/div><div class=\"source\" data-uri=\"cms.cnn.com\/_components\/source\/instances\/source-h_920782e224da0731c28b5c96102ad2ee@published\">By: Naomi Canton<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-23208b8\" data-id=\"23208b8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b25c587 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b25c587\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga-2.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-70eaea8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"70eaea8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-932fea1\" data-id=\"932fea1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5a1ca8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d5a1ca8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"headline__text inline-placeholder\" data-editable=\"headlineText\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2019\/08\/22\/in-emerging-economies-smartphone-and-social-media-users-have-broader-social-networks\/\">In Emerging Economies, Smartphone and Social Media Users Have Broader Social Networks (2019)<\/a><\/span><\/h5><div class=\"source\" data-uri=\"cms.cnn.com\/_components\/source\/instances\/source-h_920782e224da0731c28b5c96102ad2ee@published\"><p class=\"post-subtitle\">Are smartphones and social media changing social interactions in emerging economies, or are people simply talking to the same people online that they once talked to offline? A Pew Research Center survey of adults in 11 nations across four global regions finds that, in many key respects, smartphone users \u2013 and especially those who use social media \u2013 are more regularly exposed to people who have different backgrounds and more connected with friends they don\u2019t see in person.\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"post-subtitle\">Source: Pew Research Center<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e874501\" data-id=\"e874501\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d025218 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d025218\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/PG_19.06.24_Global-Mobile-3_Featured-image.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-27193ab elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"27193ab\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ca6db20\" data-id=\"ca6db20\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53ac85c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53ac85c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"post-title\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2019\/11\/20\/mobile-divides-in-emerging-economies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mobile Divides in Emerging Economies <\/a>(2019)<\/span><\/h5><p>As ownership of\u00a0mobile phones, especially\u00a0smartphones, spreads rapidly across the globe, there are still notable numbers of people in emerging economies who do not own a mobile phone, or who share one with others. A Pew Research Center survey in 11 emerging economies finds that a median of 6% of adults do not use phones at all, and a median of 7% do not own phones but instead borrow them from others. The mobile divides are most pronounced in Venezuela (32%), India (30%) and the Philippines (27%), countries where about three-in-ten adults do not own a mobile phone.<\/p><p class=\"post-title\">Source: Pew Research Center<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-862104d\" data-id=\"862104d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fc18c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5fc18c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/PG_2019.11.20_Mobile-Divides-Emerging-Economies_featured.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e11363b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e11363b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-788db3f\" data-id=\"788db3f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca8b2e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ca8b2e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"post-title\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/fact-tank\/2019\/08\/20\/smartphones-help-blacks-hispanics-bridge-some-but-not-all-digital-gaps-with-whites\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Smartphones help blacks, Hispanics bridge some \u2013 but not all \u2013 digital gaps with whites <\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">(2019)<\/span><\/h5><p>Black and Hispanic adults remain less likely than whites to say they own a traditional computer or have high speed internet at home, according to a Pew Research Center survey conducted in early 2019. But smartphones are playing a role in helping to bridge these differences.<\/p><p>Source: Pew Research Center<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-514f7f9\" data-id=\"514f7f9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8232201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8232201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/FT_21.07.06_DigitalDivideRace_feature-1.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-36b2c72 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"36b2c72\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c6bc088\" data-id=\"c6bc088\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-feb52ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"feb52ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"post-title\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/fact-tank\/2015\/04\/30\/racial-and-ethnic-differences-in-how-people-use-mobile-technology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Racial and ethnic differences in how people use mobile technology<\/a>\u00a0(2015)<\/span>\u00a0<\/h5><p>Although whites, blacks and Hispanics have similar rates of smartphone ownership, minorities tend to rely more heavily on their phone for internet access, according to Pew Research Center\u2019s\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2015\/04\/01\/us-smartphone-use-in-2015\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">recent report on smartphone adoption <\/a>. Some 13% of Hispanics and 12% of blacks are smartphone-dependent, meaning they don\u2019t have a broadband connection at home and have few options for going online other than their cellphone. In comparison, only 4% of white smartphone owners rely heavily on their cellphone for online access.<\/p><p>Source: Pew Research Center<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-074139e\" data-id=\"074139e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2e6a913 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2e6a913\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2f82e75\" data-id=\"2f82e75\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89ef497 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"89ef497\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2019\/9\/2\/bangladesh-bans-mobile-phone-access-in-rohingya-camps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bangladesh bans mobile phone access in Rohingya camps <\/a>(2019)<\/span><\/h5><p>The move threatens a communication blackout for Rohingya who use mobile phones to connect across camps and borders.<\/p><p>Source: Al Jazeera<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-de524fb\" data-id=\"de524fb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03b2877 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"03b2877\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/ced49b726b5549c49a367bbe23eeb07e_18.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-673c4a2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"673c4a2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-66e871c\" data-id=\"66e871c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01508d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"01508d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2021\/1\/29\/hong-kong-tightens-leash-on-mobile-phone-use-registration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hong Kong tightens leash on mobile phone use, registration <\/a>(2021)<\/span><\/h5><p>The Hong Kong government has kicked off public consultation on the near-certain policy change, which would require residents of the city to register their mobile phone SIM cards using their real identity, raising more concerns over privacy and fears of wider state surveillance.<\/p><p>Source: Al Jazeera<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cd1c639\" data-id=\"cd1c639\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e882c30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e882c30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/000_8X39HD.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b242823 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b242823\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fc40590\" data-id=\"fc40590\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-747de08 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"747de08\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/economy\/2019\/9\/26\/pyongyang-calling-how-n-korea-is-busting-smartphone-sanctions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pyongyang calling: How N Korea is busting smartphone sanctions <\/a>(2019)<\/span><\/h5><p>Economists estimate as many as six million North Koreans \u2013 a quarter of the population \u2013 now have mobile phones, a critical tool for participating in an informal market economy that has become a key income source for many.\u00a0<\/p><p>Source: Al Jazeera<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f985376\" data-id=\"f985376\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-622ebfe elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"622ebfe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/ac3d84caaa67450985c7637daebfb5b5_18.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b0f1eb6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b0f1eb6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8f4aad8\" data-id=\"8f4aad8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba0e119 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ba0e119\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2019\/5\/2\/hrw-china-using-mobile-app-for-surveillance-of-uighurs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">HRW: China using mobile app for surveillance of Uighurs <\/a>(2019)<\/span><\/h5><p>Chinese police are using a mobile app to store data on 13 million ethnic minority Uighurs and other Turkic Muslims in Xinjiang province, a Human Rights Watch (HRW)\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/video-photos\/interactive\/2019\/05\/02\/china-how-mass-surveillance-works-xinjiang\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">report<\/a>\u00a0has revealed.The app, known as the Integrated Joint Operations Platform, is being used to store information from the height and weight of individuals to facial recognition scans.<\/p><p>Source: Al Jazeera<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0652587\" data-id=\"0652587\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb39e26 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bb39e26\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/5bd5815176b7400e9910654547a85124_18.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c135f29 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c135f29\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1e9b2db\" data-id=\"1e9b2db\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-298653c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"298653c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/features\/2013\/9\/22\/access-denied-phone-politics-in-palestine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Access denied: Phone politics in Palestine <\/a>\u00a0(2013)<\/span><\/h5><p><strong>Ramallah, Occupied West Bank \u2013\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span>Smartphones are ubiquitous in Ramallah. All over the city people tap away at their screens as familiar ringtones add to the din of the crowds on the streets. But Palestinians are spending hundreds of dollars on the latest smartphones that cannot do what they\u2019re built for: The West Bank\u2019s two service providers,<span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><strong>Jawwal\u00a0<\/strong>and Kuwait-based<span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><strong>Wataniya<\/strong>, cannot provide fast 3G mobile data services because of Israel\u2019s refusal to\u00a0grant the Palestinian Authority sufficient bandwidth.<\/p><p>Source: Al Jazeera<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8e700ea\" data-id=\"8e700ea\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6fc4c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e6fc4c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/201391862938252734_20.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-55d8a18 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"55d8a18\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e0abd87\" data-id=\"e0abd87\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1607250 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1607250\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"page-header__title\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.voanews.com\/africa\/kenyans-prioritizing-mobile-phone-over-food-transport\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kenyans Prioritizing Mobile Phone Over Food, Transport <\/a>\u00a0(2013)<\/span><\/h5><p>\u00a0A recent study commissioned by the World Bank suggests that increasing numbers of Kenyans in the poorest socioeconomic group are foregoing food and transport or opting for cheaper alternatives, to buy credit to use mobile phones. Mobile phones were once considered luxury goods in Kenya. But with decreasing prices, people of all socioeconomic levels have come to rely upon them for both personal and professional needs.<\/p><p>Source: VOA<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1ec3975\" data-id=\"1ec3975\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4551de3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4551de3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/B2A3EBED-4D1E-4443-A52A-02430CDAA7AF.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-81b7e8f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"81b7e8f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3f58ed4\" data-id=\"3f58ed4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7861e68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7861e68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"page-header__title\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" style=\"color: #0a616b\" href=\"https:\/\/www.voanews.com\/africa\/report-mobile-phones-transform-lives-africa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Report: Mobile Phones Transform Lives in Africa <\/a>(2013)<\/span><\/h5><p>Rene Mendy, a street vendor in Dakar, has never had enough money to open a bank account. But now, thanks to an emerging mobile phone banking service, he has access to many financial services. Using a service called Orange Money, for example, he can deposit or withdraw as little as 500CFA (about $1), pay bills from anywhere, recharge phone credit and transfer money to family members.<\/p><p class=\"page-header__title\">Source: VOA<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-354f731\" data-id=\"354f731\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-782979b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"782979b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/BA1DBEBC-54FD-4BA1-B638-E17F105252B1.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mobile culture Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders Cara Wallis Book: Technomobility in China: Young Migrant Women and Mobile Phones\u00a0(Links to an external site.)\u00a0(2013) Cara Wallis provides an intimate portrait of the social, cultural, and economic implications of mobile communication for a group of young women engaged in unskilled service work in Beijing, where they live and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3693,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-293","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/293","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3693"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=293"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/293\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=293"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":282,"date":"2021-08-18T18:49:34","date_gmt":"2021-08-18T18:49:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/?page_id=282"},"modified":"2021-08-24T20:50:06","modified_gmt":"2021-08-24T20:50:06","slug":"affordances","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/affordances\/","title":{"rendered":"Affordances of Digital Platforms"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"282\" class=\"elementor elementor-282\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51d00e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51d00e2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-149615d\" data-id=\"149615d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b1401b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b1401b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Affordances of Digital Platforms<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d1e943 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d1e943\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fffbde5\" data-id=\"fffbde5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dbdca7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8dbdca7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e367a8c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e367a8c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fdf8edc\" data-id=\"fdf8edc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5958755 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5958755\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lauradenardis.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Laura DeNardis<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Laura DeNardis is an American author and a globally recognized scholar of Internet governance and technical infrastructure. She is a tenured Professor and the Interim Dean in the School of Communication at American University.<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/discovery\/fulldisplay?docid=alma9912873167704101&amp;context=L&amp;vid=01WRLC_AMU:prod&amp;lang=en&amp;search_scope=WRLC_P_AU&amp;adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&amp;tab=WRLC_P_AU&amp;query=any,contains,the%20internet%20in%20everything\">The Internet in Everything: Freedom and Security in a World with No Off Switch (2020)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/discovery\/fulldisplay?docid=alma9910852098504101&amp;context=L&amp;vid=01WRLC_AMU:prod&amp;lang=en&amp;search_scope=WRLC_P_AU&amp;adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&amp;tab=WRLC_P_AU&amp;query=any,contains,the%20global%20war%20for%20internet%20governance&amp;offset=0\">The Global War for Internet Governance (2014)<\/a><\/li><li><p class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/L3VF3P-anXU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Inside the Issues 5.1 | The Future of the Internet\u00a0<\/a>(2014)<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a166a2\" data-id=\"0a166a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b24603 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4b24603\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/DeNardis5_1-300x300.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-83\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/DeNardis5_1.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/DeNardis5_1-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/DeNardis5_1-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0cb9ca4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0cb9ca4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d0df8d\" data-id=\"8d0df8d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2c9ee9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2c9ee9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"page-title d-flex\"><a href=\"https:\/\/facultydirectory.virginia.edu\/faculty\/sv2r\"><strong>Siva Vaidhyanathan<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Siva Vaidhyanathan is the Robertson Professor of Media Studies and director of the Center for Media and Citizenship at the University of Virginia. Vaidhyanathan directs the Center for Media and Citizenship at the University of Virginia, which produces a television show, a radio program, several podcasts, and the Virginia Quarterly Review magazine.\u00a0<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma99186368514604102\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Intellectual Property: A Very Short Introduction <\/a>\u00a0(2017)<\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma99186373953704102\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Googlization of Everything &#8212; and Why We Should Worry\u00a0 <\/a>(2011)<\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/kheWKllT2wU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Siva Vaidhyanathan: &#8220;Antisocial Media: How Facebook Disconnects People and Undermines Democracy&#8221; <\/a>(2018)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2054c4\" data-id=\"a2054c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f56531 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f56531\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"180\" height=\"180\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/QY2izpYxfmHmm7EuJMbSGg5rzj2lpjPKepL29qkI.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-284\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/QY2izpYxfmHmm7EuJMbSGg5rzj2lpjPKepL29qkI.jpeg 180w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/QY2izpYxfmHmm7EuJMbSGg5rzj2lpjPKepL29qkI-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/QY2izpYxfmHmm7EuJMbSGg5rzj2lpjPKepL29qkI-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 180px) 100vw, 180px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-985c58b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"985c58b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f24f1c7\" data-id=\"f24f1c7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96c2cbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96c2cbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.heiditworek.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Heidi Tworek <\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Dr. Heidi Tworek is associate professor of international history and public policy at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Her work examines the history and policy around media, hate speech, health communications, international organizations, and platform governance.\u00a0<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/0ae224b9-c05c-45bd-ad01-4fe4f754d755.filesusr.com\/ugd\/dfeb02_679237ca642644069cff0d7c8b939eac.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How Not to Build a World Wireless Network: German-British Rivalry and Visions of Global Communications in the Early Twentieth Century <\/a>\u00a0(2016)<\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/ppforum.ca\/publications\/poisoning-democracy-what-can-be-done-about-harmful-speech-online\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Poisoning Democracy: How Canada Can Address Harmful Speech Online <\/a>\u00a0(2018)<\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"http:\/\/news%20from%20germany:%20The%20Competition%20to%20Control%20World%20Communications\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">News from Germany: The Competition to Control World Communications,\u00a01900\u20131945<\/a>(2019)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98ef9fe\" data-id=\"98ef9fe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39dcff3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"39dcff3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Po63Ossj_400x400-300x300.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-286\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Po63Ossj_400x400-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Po63Ossj_400x400-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Po63Ossj_400x400-60x60.jpeg 60w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Po63Ossj_400x400.jpeg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-381a40d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"381a40d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b633c83\" data-id=\"b633c83\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1adc5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1adc5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.angelacirucci.com\/\"><strong>Angela Circucci<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>As a researcher and theorist, Angela explores the symbolic meaning of programming languages and the intersection of institutional practice and user knowledge, with a focus on social network sites.\u00a0Angela has taught many courses including New Media and Communication, User Experience Design and Research, Introduction to Mass Communication, Communication Theory, Communication Research Methods, and Mass Media Law and Ethics. She teaches at Rowan University.<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2789187.2789202\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-href=\"\/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;hl=en&amp;user=O-NeVUQAAAAJ&amp;citation_for_view=O-NeVUQAAAAJ:pqnbT2bcN3wC\">Facebook&#8217;s affordances, visible culture, and anti-anonymity\u00a0(2015)\u00a0 <\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1177\/2056305117717905\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-href=\"\/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;hl=en&amp;user=O-NeVUQAAAAJ&amp;citation_for_view=O-NeVUQAAAAJ:rO6llkc54NcC\">Normative interfaces: Affordances, gender, and race in Facebook\u00a0(2017)<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a687285\" data-id=\"a687285\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c05a39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9c05a39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"201\" height=\"251\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-287\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-829f38c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"829f38c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-56aebb0\" data-id=\"56aebb0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-639247c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"639247c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/steinhardt.nyu.edu\/people\/angela-xiao-wu\"><strong>Angela Xiao Wu<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Trained in media and communication, but drawing much from science and technology studies, cultural sociology, and political science, Wu\u00a0investigates the connections between media technologies, knowledge production, and politics.\u00a0Her past research\u00a0has\u00a0focused on the following areas: (1) cultures and practices of data analytics, (2) media use and media (infra)structures, and (3) information technology, public culture, and post-reform China.\u00a0<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/351361864_The_Ambient_Politics_of_Affective_Computing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Ambient Politics of Affective Computing <\/a>\u00a0(2020)<\/li><li>\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/ijoc.org\/index.php\/ijoc\/article\/view\/9782\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Web infrastructures and online attention ecology. <\/a>\u00a0(2019)<\/li><li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/citation.cfm?id=3201107\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pathways to fragmentation: User flows and web distribution infrastructures. <\/a>\u00a0(2018)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9c588e9\" data-id=\"9c588e9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7057dcd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7057dcd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/profile_201705_0.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-288\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/profile_201705_0.jpeg 350w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/profile_201705_0-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/profile_201705_0-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/profile_201705_0-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-96617c1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"96617c1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-65e64b8\" data-id=\"65e64b8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4600c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b4600c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Film &amp; Video<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4b1b489 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4b1b489\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5b21512\" data-id=\"5b21512\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74cbb52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"74cbb52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/9K-HyaAR2sk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How Do Different Social Media Platforms Affect Your Mood? <\/a>(2017)<\/h4><p>Source: Above the Noise | PBS Digital Studios<\/p><p>Do a quick Google search on how social media affects your mood, and the results make it seem like all the social media platforms will plunge you into depression. Facebook shows everyone\u2019s perfect life and exotic vacations. Expertly curated selfies abound on Instagram. But, if you look at the actual research, the results aren\u2019t that simple.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1dacf61\" data-id=\"1dacf61\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d82b76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"9d82b76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=9K-HyaAR2sk&amp;feature=youtu.be&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8c1db6a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8c1db6a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-859e967\" data-id=\"859e967\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dc9370 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5dc9370\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=aTxUetlqWmU%C2%A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How Youtube&#8217;s algorithm distort reality <\/a>(2018)<\/h4><p>The 2016 presidential race was fought online in a swamp of disinformation, conspiracy theories and fake news. Now a Guardian investigation has uncovered evidence suggesting YouTube\u2019s recommendation algorithm was disproportionately prompting users to watch pro-Trump and anti-Clinton videos<\/p><p>Source: The Guardian<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-85d2531\" data-id=\"85d2531\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-531ad92 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"531ad92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=aTxUetlqWmU&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fd7bbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fd7bbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9945767\" data-id=\"9945767\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8bef27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d8bef27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Books &amp; Articles<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f58de3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f58de3d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57aebfb\" data-id=\"57aebfb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b18816 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b18816\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/technology\/2019\/08\/14\/youtube-discriminates-against-lgbt-content-by-unfairly-culling-it-suit-alleges\/\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Youtube discriminates against LGBTQ content by unfairly culling it, suit alleges (2019)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>The Google-owned site&#8217;s software targets\u00a0<em>gay<\/em>\u00a0and lesbian videos for takedowns, some creators say.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6bb5659\" data-id=\"6bb5659\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43c78b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"43c78b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/psmag.com\/environment\/digital-divide-more-complicated-than-access\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/A576J7DPXZCW5IFHNU7CMQBWKE.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43f8376 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43f8376\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1647abe\" data-id=\"1647abe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82bd67a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"82bd67a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/firstmonday.org\/ojs\/index.php\/fm\/article\/download\/10420\/8325\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">&#8216;El Negro de WhatsApp&#8217; meme, digital blackface, and racism on social media<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>Ariadna Matamoros-Fernandez<\/p><p>This paper explores how structural racism encodes itself into social media. Through the examination of a popular WhatsApp meme in Spain, I show how everyday socio-technical practices on this platform perpetuate power hierarchies based on race. As a first step, the paper links \u201cEl Negro de WhatsApp\u201d meme with the long racist tradition of commodifying Black bodies in American popular culture and beyond. Second, I argue that encrypted services like WhatsApp facilitate and amplify what Picca and Feagin (2007) refer to as the \u201cbackstage\u201d of racism. The article concludes outlining the challenges of private, encrypted services if we are to dismantle \u2018platformed racism\u2019.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c313bb\" data-id=\"4c313bb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a80bc3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4a80bc3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d51b69\" data-id=\"3d51b69\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d1a9fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d1a9fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/hbsp.harvard.edu\/product\/920051-PDF-ENG\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Racial Discrimination on Airbnb: The Role of Platform Design (2020)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>Michael Luca, Scott Stern, Devin Cook\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>The case emphasizes the vital role played by trust among guests and hosts in the platform&#8217;s success. Airbnb&#8217;s co-founder and CEO Brian Chesky is quoted explaining, &#8220;Access is built on trust, and trust is built on transparency. When you remove anonymity, it brings out the best in people. We believe anonymity has no place in the future of Airbnb or the sharing economy.&#8221; However, in the spring of 2016, growing evidence of widespread racial discrimination on the platform put Airbnb at risk of losing users&#8217; trust. Chesky was faced with the challenge of reducing discrimination on the Airbnb platform while maintaining an environment of trust.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bbe5763\" data-id=\"bbe5763\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97ee996 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"97ee996\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma99185955492504102\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/racist-airbnb.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b05b87e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b05b87e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f1a6b09\" data-id=\"f1a6b09\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c11bcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9c11bcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/discovery\/fulldisplay?context=PC&amp;vid=01WRLC_AMU:prod&amp;search_scope=WRLC_P_AU&amp;tab=WRLC_P_AU&amp;docid=cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_81c5efa55628420bbfcfc0cf63fce77d\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Normative interfaces: Affordances, Gender and Race in Facebook (2017)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>\u00a0Angela Cirucci<\/p><p>Abstract: This study investigates social network site affordances and their implications for perceptions of marginalized communities. I employ Facebook as a case study and speak with young adult users to comprehend how socially marginalized groups are perceived through Facebook\u2019s affordances. In particular, I consider: How familiar are users with Facebook\u2019s tools and functionalities? How are issues of gender and race represented through the site\u2019s interface? How do users conceive of gender and race? The findings suggest that gender is perceived as a more important identifier than race and that Facebook is post-racial, because of the user interface choices made.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f5fb41\" data-id=\"4f5fb41\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7fbd82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b7fbd82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/5VCVQ3IJEJEKBPKY4TJXOTXSTQ-scaled.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Affordances of Digital Platforms Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders Laura DeNardis\u00a0 Laura DeNardis is an American author and a globally recognized scholar of Internet governance and technical infrastructure. She is a tenured Professor and the Interim Dean in the School of Communication at American University. The Internet in Everything: Freedom and Security in a World with [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3693,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-282","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/282","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3693"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=282"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/282\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=282"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":265,"date":"2021-08-18T16:21:24","date_gmt":"2021-08-18T16:21:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/?page_id=265"},"modified":"2021-08-24T21:11:39","modified_gmt":"2021-08-24T21:11:39","slug":"datafication","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/datafication\/","title":{"rendered":"Datafication and the Internet of Things"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"265\" class=\"elementor elementor-265\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51d00e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51d00e2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-149615d\" data-id=\"149615d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b1401b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b1401b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Datafication and the Internet of Things<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d1e943 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d1e943\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fffbde5\" data-id=\"fffbde5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dbdca7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8dbdca7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e367a8c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e367a8c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fdf8edc\" data-id=\"fdf8edc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5958755 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5958755\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lauradenardis.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Laura DeNardis<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Laura DeNardis is an American author and a globally recognized scholar of Internet governance and technical infrastructure. She is a tenured Professor and the Interim Dean in the School of Communication at American University.<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/discovery\/fulldisplay?docid=alma9912873167704101&amp;context=L&amp;vid=01WRLC_AMU:prod&amp;lang=en&amp;search_scope=WRLC_P_AU&amp;adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&amp;tab=WRLC_P_AU&amp;query=any,contains,the%20internet%20in%20everything\">The Internet in Everything: Freedom and Security in a World with No Off Switch (2020)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/discovery\/fulldisplay?docid=alma9910852098504101&amp;context=L&amp;vid=01WRLC_AMU:prod&amp;lang=en&amp;search_scope=WRLC_P_AU&amp;adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&amp;tab=WRLC_P_AU&amp;query=any,contains,the%20global%20war%20for%20internet%20governance&amp;offset=0\">The Global War for Internet Governance (2014)<\/a><\/li><li><p class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/L3VF3P-anXU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Inside the Issues 5.1 | The Future of the Internet <\/a>(2014)<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a166a2\" data-id=\"0a166a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b24603 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4b24603\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/DeNardis5_1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-83\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/DeNardis5_1.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/DeNardis5_1-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/DeNardis5_1-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0cb9ca4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0cb9ca4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d0df8d\" data-id=\"8d0df8d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2c9ee9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2c9ee9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rashidarichardson.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Rashida Richardson<\/strong> <\/a><\/h4><p>Rashida Richardson\u00a0is a Visiting Scholar at Rutgers Law School\u00a0and the Rutgers Institute for Information Policy and the Law, where she specializes in race, emerging technologies and the law. Rashida researches the social and civil rights implications of data driven technologies, including artificial intelligence, and develops policy interventions and regulatory strategies regarding data driven technologies, government surveillance, racial discrimination, and the technology sector.<\/p><ul><li>\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nydailynews.com\/opinion\/ny-oped-win-the-war-against-algorithms-20191215-b2unejivvfh5dd54qg6vzygezi-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Win the war against algorithms: Automated Decision Systems are taking over far too much of government\u00a0 <\/a>(2019)<\/li><li>\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/criticalracedigitalstudies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/NYULawReview-94-Richardson-Schultz-Crawford.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dirty data, bad predictions: How civil rights violations impact police data, predictive policing systems, and justice<\/a>\u00a0(2019)<\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/ayjxlu_UAT8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">We are the Leaders We Have Been Looking For: Organizing for Algorithmic Accountability <\/a>\u00a0(2019)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2054c4\" data-id=\"a2054c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f56531 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f56531\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/RashidaRichardsonHeadshot-683x1024.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-261\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/RashidaRichardsonHeadshot-683x1024.jpeg 683w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/RashidaRichardsonHeadshot-200x300.jpeg 200w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/RashidaRichardsonHeadshot-768x1152.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/RashidaRichardsonHeadshot-1024x1536.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/RashidaRichardsonHeadshot-1365x2048.jpeg 1365w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/RashidaRichardsonHeadshot-scaled.jpeg 1707w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-985c58b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"985c58b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f24f1c7\" data-id=\"f24f1c7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96c2cbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96c2cbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/yeshican?lang=en\"><strong>Yeshimabeit Milner<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Yeshimabeit &#8220;Yeshi&#8221; Milner is an American technologist and activist. She is the executive director and co-founder of Data for Black Lives. Data for Black Lives has been working on advancing people of color in the fields of computing and artificial intelligence, in order to fight against racial bias in technology.<\/p><ul><li class=\"fs-headline speakable-headline font-base font-size\"><p><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/ashoka\/2019\/12\/11\/why-we-need-data-for-black-lives\/?sh=5cdfc1b57bd4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Why We Need Data For Black Lives <\/a>\u00a0(2019)<\/p><\/li><li class=\"fs-headline speakable-headline font-base font-size\"><p class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/wR5i6qXJH4o\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Data Intersections 2020 | Yeshimabeit Milner <\/a>\u00a0(2020)<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98ef9fe\" data-id=\"98ef9fe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39dcff3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"39dcff3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"547\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga10.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-501\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga10.jpeg 547w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga10-274x300.jpeg 274w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 547px) 100vw, 547px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-381a40d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"381a40d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b633c83\" data-id=\"b633c83\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1adc5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1adc5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.luc.edu\/soc\/decookjulia.shtml\"><strong>Julia R DeCook<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Dr. Julia R. DeCook is a specialist on online extremist movements, specifically male supremacist groups like the Incels, men\u2019s rights activists, and communities like r\/TheRedPill. She has written on these subjects and been interviewed for both academic and general audiences. DeCook researches how online extremist communities navigate the constraints of digital infrastructure, specifically in how they respond to attempts to quell and stop their movements in the form of bans and censorship.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/comminfo.rutgers.edu\/stoerger-sharon\">Paper:\u00a0<\/a><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/4u6ipk\/cdi_webofscience_primary_000574903600001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A [White] Cyborg\u2019s Manifesto: the overwhelmingly Western ideology driving technofeminist theory <\/a>\u00a0(2020)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a687285\" data-id=\"a687285\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c05a39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9c05a39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga11.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-503\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga11.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga11-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/descarga11-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-96617c1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"96617c1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-65e64b8\" data-id=\"65e64b8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4600c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b4600c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Film &amp; Video<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3a021fa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3a021fa\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9c8df0e\" data-id=\"9c8df0e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f76e475 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f76e475\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/2wVPyiyukQc%20(2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Facebook showed this ad to 95% women. Is that a problem? (2020)<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/h4><p>How algorithmic ad targeting can segregate us. In 2019, Facebook settled a lawsuit with civil rights groups following the revelation that advertisers using their platform could use the targeting options to exclude many specific demographics from seeing their ads. It&#8217;s now more difficult for an unscrupulous advertiser to use Facebook&#8217;s platform to discriminate. However, even when you remove human bias from the system, Facebook&#8217;s ad delivery algorithms can result in biased outcomes. According to research from Northeastern University, Facebook sometimes displays ads to highly skewed audiences based on the content of the ad.<\/p><p>Source: Vox<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ecb8f29\" data-id=\"ecb8f29\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-407e066 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"407e066\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=2wVPyiyukQc&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a6094d3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a6094d3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0f76483\" data-id=\"0f76483\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bdeb8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1bdeb8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=gMDaJMZBo14\">A Hacker Shares His Biggest Fears<\/a><\/h4><p>A white hat hacker, with over 30 years of experience as a cybersecurity analyst at a major Silicon Valley company, talks about why he turned his back on black hat hacking for the greater good.<\/p><p>Source: Vice<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d20c24f\" data-id=\"d20c24f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50c65da elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"50c65da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=gMDaJMZBo14&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fd7bbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fd7bbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9945767\" data-id=\"9945767\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8bef27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d8bef27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Books &amp; Articles<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f58de3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f58de3d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57aebfb\" data-id=\"57aebfb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b18816 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b18816\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flowjournal.org\/2019\/05\/tits-or-gtfo-the-aggressive-architecture-of-the-internet-alison-harvey-university-of-leicester\/#identifier_2_37691\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">&#8216;Tits or GTO: The Aggressive Architecture of the Internet&#8217; (2019)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/a><\/h5><p>The breaking news on April 10, 2019 was the unveiling of the first photo of a black hole ever created, but within a few short days reporting shifted to focus on the consequences of this story for the young female fellow who contributed a significant algorithm to the collaboration. Katie Bouman, who was frequently used as the face of the Event Horizon Telescope project in media stories, took to social media to situate her work within the international scope of the collaboration. Still she became the target of vitriolic sexist and misogynist harassment focused on discrediting and diminishing her input into the project.<\/p><p>Source: Flow Journal<\/p><p>By Alison Harvey<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6bb5659\" data-id=\"6bb5659\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43c78b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"43c78b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/psmag.com\/environment\/digital-divide-more-complicated-than-access\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/123.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43f8376 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43f8376\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1647abe\" data-id=\"1647abe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82bd67a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"82bd67a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@YESHICAN\/an-open-letter-to-facebook-from-the-data-for-black-lives-movement-81e693c6b46c#:~:text=We%20ask%20Facebook%20to%20entrust,to%20promote%20justice%20and%20equity.\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">An Open Letter to Facebook from the Data for Black Lives Movement (2018)<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/h5><p class=\"ge dk fh ba b gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu by\">Give Black researchers, data scientists and Black communities access to our data.\u00a0In the world we live in, data is destiny. For Black people, who have been disproportionately harmed by data-driven decision-making, this is especially true.<\/p><p class=\"ge dk fh ba b gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu by\"><em class=\"ik\">We urge you to work with Data for Black Lives and make a commitment to the following:<\/em><\/p><ol><li>Commit anonymized Facebook data to a Public Data Trust.<\/li><li>Work with technologists, advocates, and ethicists to establish a Data Code of Ethics.<\/li><li>Hire Black data scientists and research scientists.<\/li><\/ol><p>By Yeshimabeit Milner<\/p><p>Source: Medium<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c313bb\" data-id=\"4c313bb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-afc2e2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"afc2e2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma9911325812004101\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/1234.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a80bc3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4a80bc3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d51b69\" data-id=\"3d51b69\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d1a9fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d1a9fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/slate.com\/technology\/2021\/03\/dating-apps-data-brokers-transparency-government.html\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Your Dating App Data Might Be Shared With the U.S. Government (2021)<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/h5><p>Dating apps ask users for a variety of highly personal information and retain it indefinitely, potentially forever. This can include photos and videos, text conversations with other users, and information on gender, sexual orientation, political affiliation, religion, desire to have children, location, HIV status, and beyond. Many platforms also collect information regarding preferences in a partner (either through filters or using powerful algorithms that monitor users\u2019 every swipe) and may therefore know about your preferences and deal-breakers with regard to ethnicity, religion, body type, and more. If you connect your dating app with any social media platforms\u2014Facebook and Instagram are common choices\u2014then the dating app company likely also has access to\u00a0thousands of additional data points, including what kind of content you\u2019ve liked on social media and who you are friends with.<\/p><div class=\"article__byline\">BY\u00a0LAUREN SARKESIAN\u00a0AND\u00a0SPANDANA SINGH<\/div><p>Source: Slate\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bbe5763\" data-id=\"bbe5763\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97ee996 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"97ee996\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma99185955492504102\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/6249593f-1ea9-41ed-88d3-f714270eba57.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b05b87e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b05b87e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f1a6b09\" data-id=\"f1a6b09\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c11bcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9c11bcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzfeednews.com\/article\/azeenghorayshi\/grindr-hiv-status-privacy\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><strong>Grindr Is Letting Other Companies See User HIV Status And Location Data (2018) <\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>A data analysis conducted by an outside research firm, and independently verified by BuzzFeed News, shows that a popular gay dating app is sharing its users\u2019 HIV status with two other companies.\u00a0Because the HIV information is sent together with users\u2019 GPS data, phone ID, and email, it could identify specific users and their HIV status, according to Antoine Pultier, a researcher at the Norwegian nonprofit\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/SINTEF-9012\/grindr-privacy-leaks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">SINTEF<span class=\"screenreader-only\">.<\/span><\/a><\/p><p>By Azeen Ghorayshi &amp; Sri Ray<\/p><p>Source: BuzzFeed<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f5fb41\" data-id=\"4f5fb41\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7fbd82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b7fbd82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/123456.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bc65fc7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bc65fc7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-55b91ea\" data-id=\"55b91ea\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-192ec4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"192ec4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aup.nl\/en\/book\/9789048542062\/digital-media-practices-in-households\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><strong>Digital Media Practices in Households: Kinship through Data<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>Larissa Hjorth, Kana Ohashi, Jolynna Sinanan, Heather Horst, Sarah Pink, Fumitoshi Kato, and Baohua Zhou.\u00a0 Amsterdam University Press, 2020.<\/p><p>How are intergenerational relationships playing out in and through the digital rhythms of the household? Through extensive fieldwork in Tokyo, Shanghai and Melbourne, this book ethnographically explores how households are being understood, articulated and defined by digital media practices. It investigates the rise of self-tracking, quantified self and informal practices of care at distance as part of contemporary household dynamics.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-deff027\" data-id=\"deff027\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fd9ec1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6fd9ec1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-02-at-10.46.42-PM.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bfedb90 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bfedb90\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ac5083\" data-id=\"7ac5083\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-795b4ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"795b4ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.routledge.com\/Gaming-Cultures-in-India-Digital-Play-in-Everyday-Life\/Deshbandhu\/p\/book\/9780367142926\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><strong>Gaming Culture(s) in India: Digital Play in Everyday Life<\/strong><\/span><i><\/i><\/a><\/h5><p>Aditya Deshbandhu. Routledge, 2020.<\/p><p>This volume critically analyzes the multiple lives of the &#8220;gamer&#8221; in India. It explores the &#8220;everyday&#8221; of the gaming life from the player\u2019s perspective, not just to understand how the games are consumed but also to analyze how the gamer influences the products\u2019 many (virtual) lives.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-06e4578\" data-id=\"06e4578\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-278af26 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"278af26\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Screen-Shot-2021-05-02-at-10.48.46-PM.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Datafication and the Internet of Things Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders Laura DeNardis\u00a0 Laura DeNardis is an American author and a globally recognized scholar of Internet governance and technical infrastructure. She is a tenured Professor and the Interim Dean in the School of Communication at American University. The Internet in Everything: Freedom and Security in a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3693,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-265","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/265","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3693"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=265"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/265\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=265"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":247,"date":"2021-08-17T19:23:14","date_gmt":"2021-08-17T19:23:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/?page_id=247"},"modified":"2021-08-20T23:11:02","modified_gmt":"2021-08-20T23:11:02","slug":"algorithms","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/algorithms\/","title":{"rendered":"Software, Algorithms and AI"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"247\" class=\"elementor elementor-247\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51d00e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51d00e2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-149615d\" data-id=\"149615d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b1401b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b1401b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Software, Algorithms and AI<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d1e943 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d1e943\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fffbde5\" data-id=\"fffbde5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dbdca7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8dbdca7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e367a8c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e367a8c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fdf8edc\" data-id=\"fdf8edc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5958755 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5958755\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/artsandculture.google.com\/exhibit\/joy-buolamwini-examining-racial-and-gender-bias-in-facial-analysis-software-barbican-centre\/LgKCaNKAVWQPJg?hl=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Joy\u00a0Buolamwini<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Scientist, activist and founder of the Algorithmic Justice League, Joy Buolamwini examines racial and gender bias in facial analysis software. As a graduate student, Joy found an AI system detected her better when she was wearing a white mask, prompting her research project Gender Shades. This project uncovered the bias built in to commercial AI in gender classification showing that facial analysis technology AI has a heavy bias towards white males.<\/p><ul><li class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><p><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/QxuyfWoVV98\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">AI, Ain&#8217;t I A Woman? <\/a>\u00a0(2018)<\/p><\/li><li class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><p><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/06\/21\/opinion\/facial-analysis-technology-bias.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">When the Robot Doesn&#8217;t See Dark Skin <\/a>\u00a0(2018)<\/p><\/li><li class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><p><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/04\/19\/opinion\/sway-kara-swisher-joy-buolamwini.html?smtyp=cur&amp;smid=tw-nytopinion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">She&#8217;s Taking Jeff Bezos to Task <\/a>\u00a0(2021)<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a166a2\" data-id=\"0a166a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b24603 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4b24603\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"214\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Joy_Buolamwini_-_Wikimania_2018_01-214x300.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-249\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Joy_Buolamwini_-_Wikimania_2018_01-214x300.jpeg 214w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Joy_Buolamwini_-_Wikimania_2018_01-731x1024.jpeg 731w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Joy_Buolamwini_-_Wikimania_2018_01-768x1077.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Joy_Buolamwini_-_Wikimania_2018_01-1096x1536.jpeg 1096w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Joy_Buolamwini_-_Wikimania_2018_01-1461x2048.jpeg 1461w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Joy_Buolamwini_-_Wikimania_2018_01-scaled.jpeg 1826w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 214px) 100vw, 214px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0cb9ca4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0cb9ca4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d0df8d\" data-id=\"8d0df8d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2c9ee9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2c9ee9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/virginia-eubanks.com\/\"><strong>Virginia Eubanks<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Virginia Eubanks\u00a0is an Associate Professor of Political Science at the University at Albany, SUNY. Her writing about technology and social justice has appeared in\u00a0<em>Scientific American<\/em>,\u00a0<em>The Nation<\/em>,\u00a0<em>Harper\u2019s,<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>Wired<\/em>. For two decades, Eubanks has worked in community technology and economic justice movements.<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma99185362393604102\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Automating Inequality: How High-Tech Tools Profile, Police and Punish the Poor <\/a>\u00a0(2018)<\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma9910858254004101\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Digital Dead End: Fighting for Social Justice in the Information Age <\/a>(2011)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2054c4\" data-id=\"a2054c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f56531 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f56531\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"730\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Eubanks_Virginia_AIF2018_0-Copy.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-251\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Eubanks_Virginia_AIF2018_0-Copy.jpeg 1000w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Eubanks_Virginia_AIF2018_0-Copy-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Eubanks_Virginia_AIF2018_0-Copy-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Eubanks_Virginia_AIF2018_0-Copy-768x768.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Eubanks_Virginia_AIF2018_0-Copy-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-985c58b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"985c58b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f24f1c7\" data-id=\"f24f1c7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96c2cbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96c2cbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/merbroussard.github.io\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Meredith Broussard<\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Data journalist Meredith Broussard is an associate professor at the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute of New York University. Her academic research focuses on artificial intelligence in investigative reporting and ethical AI, with a particular interest in using data analysis for social good. She appeared in the 2020 documentary\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.codedbias.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Coded Bias <\/a>, an official selection of the Sundance Film Festival that was nominated for an\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/naacpimageawards.net\/2021-nominees\/#nominee-category-documentary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">NAACP Image Award.<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p><ul><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma9912553490404101\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Artificial Unintelligence: How Computers Misunderstand the World <\/a>\u00a0(2018)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98ef9fe\" data-id=\"98ef9fe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39dcff3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"39dcff3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"190\" height=\"265\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/imagesmb.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-252\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-381a40d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"381a40d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b633c83\" data-id=\"b633c83\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1adc5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1adc5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/annenberg.usc.edu\/faculty\/christina-dunbar-hester\">Christina Dunbar-Hester<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4><p>Professor Dunbar-Hester conducts research into the politics of technology. \u00a0She is interested in supervising research on social and cultural aspects of science and technology. She worked to establish the\u00a0PhD certificate in Science &amp; Technology Studies\u00a0at USC and is a\u00a0faculty affiliate with the Center on\u00a0Science, Technology &amp; Public Life, where she convenes a research group on urban ecosystems with researchers across southern California.<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01WRLC_AMU\/1sph5q5\/alma9912889745204101\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hacking Diversity: The Politics of Inclusion in Open Technology Cultures <\/a>\u00a0(2020)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a687285\" data-id=\"a687285\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c05a39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9c05a39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"823\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/cdh-2018-e1596047968168-908x1024.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-253\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/cdh-2018-e1596047968168-908x1024.jpeg 908w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/cdh-2018-e1596047968168-266x300.jpeg 266w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/cdh-2018-e1596047968168-768x866.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/cdh-2018-e1596047968168-1362x1536.jpeg 1362w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/cdh-2018-e1596047968168-1816x2048.jpeg 1816w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-829f38c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"829f38c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-56aebb0\" data-id=\"56aebb0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-639247c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"639247c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"http:\/\/%20https\/\/cyber.harvard.edu\/people\/mutale-nkonde\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mutale Nkonde<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/h4><p>Mutale Nkonde is the founding CEO of AI For the People (AFP) a non profit communications agency. AFP\u2019s mission is to eliminate the under-representation of black professionals in the American technology sector by 2030. Prior to this Nkonde worked in AI Governance. During that time she was part of the team that introduced the Algorithmic and Deep Fakes Algorithmic Acts, as well as the No Biometric Barriers to Housing Act to the US House of Representatives.<\/p><ul><li class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/mYaJQAhUEM4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Theorizing the Web Presents: Surveillance of Black Lives<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><p><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2020\/06\/22\/881845711\/tech-companies-are-limiting-police-use-of-facial-recognition-heres-why\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tech Companies Are Limiting Police Use of Facial Recognition. Here&#8217;s Why<\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9c588e9\" data-id=\"9c588e9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7057dcd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7057dcd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"726\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Mutale-Nkonde-Head-Shot-2-copy-2-1024x1019-1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-254\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Mutale-Nkonde-Head-Shot-2-copy-2-1024x1019-1.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Mutale-Nkonde-Head-Shot-2-copy-2-1024x1019-1-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Mutale-Nkonde-Head-Shot-2-copy-2-1024x1019-1-768x764.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Mutale-Nkonde-Head-Shot-2-copy-2-1024x1019-1-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-32664e0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"32664e0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0f472d9\" data-id=\"0f472d9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bba432a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bba432a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www2.eecs.berkeley.edu\/Faculty\/Homepages\/rabebe.html\"><strong>Rediet Abebe\u00a0<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Rediet Abebe is a computer scientist working in the fields of algorithms and AI, with a focus on equity and justice concerns.\u00a0Abebe is a Junior Fellow at the Harvard Society of Fellows. She also co-founded and co-organizes\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/urldefense.proofpoint.com\/v2\/url?u=http-3A__md4sg.com_&amp;d=DwMFaQ&amp;c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&amp;r=C-_6aP4RtBNCimDQCIAw4TplQYfoDAgZjmt67zncjZk&amp;m=yNP6HGXQKIqWIqXxmbFNAmG72xTfeomUbwhOPuY5fpo&amp;s=NamY2PlmlbpD0wmpMMeCFx-zMHHwk69TabsTUR4MV0Q&amp;e=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MD4SG <\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/urldefense.proofpoint.com\/v2\/url?u=http-3A__blackinai.org_&amp;d=DwMFaQ&amp;c=WO-RGvefibhHBZq3fL85hQ&amp;r=C-_6aP4RtBNCimDQCIAw4TplQYfoDAgZjmt67zncjZk&amp;m=yNP6HGXQKIqWIqXxmbFNAmG72xTfeomUbwhOPuY5fpo&amp;s=5P6RHRXpK3HJFbrswJ63dqS7s4GPazQtHlEgsEw6FOA&amp;e=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Black in AI<\/a><\/p><ul><li><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/rediet_abebe_can_algorithms_reduce_inequality\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ted Talk, Can Algorithms Reduce Inequality?\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-462cfcf\" data-id=\"462cfcf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd97e59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cd97e59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"913\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/rabebe-819x1024.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-256\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/rabebe-819x1024.jpeg 819w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/rabebe-240x300.jpeg 240w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/rabebe-768x960.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/rabebe-1229x1536.jpeg 1229w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/rabebe-1638x2048.jpeg 1638w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/rabebe.jpeg 1918w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b032766 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b032766\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c45473a\" data-id=\"c45473a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcb0155 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bcb0155\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/safiyaunoble.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Safiya Umoja Noble<\/strong> <\/a><\/h4><p>Dr. Safiya U. Noble is an Associate Professor at the\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/is.gseis.ucla.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) in the Department of Information Studies<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0(Links to an external site.)<\/span><\/a>\u00a0where she serves as the Co-Founder and Co-Director of the\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.c2i2.ucla.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">UCLA Center for Critical Internet Inquiry (C2i2)<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0(Links to an external site.)<\/span><\/a>. She holds appointments in African American Studies and Gender Studies. She is a Research Associate at the Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford and has been appointed as a Commissioner on the\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/oxcaigg.oii.ox.ac.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Oxford Commission on AI &amp; Good Governance (OxCAIGG)<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p><ul><li><p class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6KLTpoTpkXo%C2%A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Algorithms of Oppression: Safiya Umoja Noble<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/_UwigYupIjI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Safiya U. Noble and Tristan Harris | TIME100 Talks<\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f64a22c\" data-id=\"f64a22c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f6ff83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6f6ff83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"504\" height=\"504\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Safiya-NobleBW.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-257\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Safiya-NobleBW.jpeg 504w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Safiya-NobleBW-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Safiya-NobleBW-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Safiya-NobleBW-60x60.jpeg 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 504px) 100vw, 504px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-acf0756 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"acf0756\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9f76eb0\" data-id=\"9f76eb0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18e3bff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"18e3bff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chicagobooth.edu\/faculty\/directory\/m\/sendhil-mullainathan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Sendhil Mullainathan<\/strong> <\/a><\/h4><p>Sendhil Mullainathan is an American professor of Computation and Behavioral Science at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business.\u00a0His current research uses machine learning to understand complex problems in human behavior, social policy, and especially medicine, where computational techniques have the potential to uncover biomedical insights from large-scale health data. He currently teaches a course on Artificial Intelligence.<\/p><ul><li><p class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/ys2sMv_JHqA%C2%A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sendhil Mullainathan, &#8220;Discrimination by Algorithm and People&#8221; <\/a><\/p><\/li><li><p><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/12\/06\/business\/algorithm-bias-fix.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Biased Algorithms Are Easier to Fix Than Biased People (2019).\u00a0<\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-acb15b3\" data-id=\"acb15b3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0259144 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0259144\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"916\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/mullainathan-sendhil.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-487\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/mullainathan-sendhil.jpeg 749w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/mullainathan-sendhil-239x300.jpeg 239w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-03fabe8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"03fabe8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ad3b4a3\" data-id=\"ad3b4a3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a165fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a165fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rashidarichardson.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Rashida Richardson<\/strong> <\/a><\/h4><p>Rashida Richardson\u00a0is a Visiting Scholar at Rutgers Law School\u00a0and the Rutgers Institute for Information Policy and the Law, where she specializes in race, emerging technologies and the law. Rashida researches the social and civil rights implications of data driven technologies, including artificial intelligence, and develops policy interventions and regulatory strategies regarding data driven technologies, government surveillance, racial discrimination, and the technology sector.<\/p><ul><li>\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nydailynews.com\/opinion\/ny-oped-win-the-war-against-algorithms-20191215-b2unejivvfh5dd54qg6vzygezi-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Win the war against algorithms: Automated Decision Systems are taking over far too much of government\u00a0 <\/a>(2019)<\/li><li>\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/criticalracedigitalstudies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/NYULawReview-94-Richardson-Schultz-Crawford.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dirty data, bad predictions: How civil rights violations impact police data, predictive policing systems, and justice <\/a>\u00a0(2019)<\/li><li><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/ayjxlu_UAT8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">We are the Leaders We Have Been Looking For: Organizing for Algorithmic Accountability <\/a>(2019)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b58ffe3\" data-id=\"b58ffe3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-898df76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"898df76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/RashidaRichardsonHeadshot-683x1024.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-261\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/RashidaRichardsonHeadshot-683x1024.jpeg 683w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/RashidaRichardsonHeadshot-200x300.jpeg 200w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/RashidaRichardsonHeadshot-768x1152.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/RashidaRichardsonHeadshot-1024x1536.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/RashidaRichardsonHeadshot-1365x2048.jpeg 1365w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/RashidaRichardsonHeadshot-scaled.jpeg 1707w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ea44b0b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ea44b0b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f73a3b1\" data-id=\"f73a3b1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f9714b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f9714b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/sils.unc.edu\/people\/faculty\/profiles\/Francesca-Tripodi\"><strong>Francesca Tripodi<\/strong><\/a><\/h4><p>Dr.\u00a0Francesca Tripodi is a sociologist and media scholar whose research examines the relationship between social media, political partisanship, and democratic participation, revealing how Google and Wikipedia are manipulated for political gains.<\/p><ul><li><a class=\"external\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/eprint\/HyQinAITCd94hIES82np\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-extlink=\"\">Fifty Shades of Consent?<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0(Links to an external site.)<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<i>(2017)<\/i><\/li><li><i><em>Media Ready Feminism and Everyday Sexism (Forthcoming)<\/em><\/i><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b67b9d5\" data-id=\"b67b9d5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d17830 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6d17830\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"394\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Tripodi4SILSWeb.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-258\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Tripodi4SILSWeb.jpeg 394w, https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/Tripodi4SILSWeb-300x225.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 394px) 100vw, 394px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-96617c1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"96617c1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-65e64b8\" data-id=\"65e64b8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4600c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b4600c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Film &amp; Video<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-38c4ddc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"38c4ddc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0fb51d7\" data-id=\"0fb51d7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-050fc6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"050fc6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=UG_X_7g63rY&amp;t=294s&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1a124a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d1a124a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/joy_buolamwini_how_i_m_fighting_bias_in_algorithms?language=ca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How I\u2019m Fighting Bias in Algorithms (2017)<\/a><\/h4><p>MIT grad student Joy Buolamwini was working with facial analysis software when she noticed a problem: the software didn&#8217;t detect her face &#8212; because the people who coded the algorithm hadn&#8217;t taught it to identify a broad range of skin tones and facial structures. Now she&#8217;s on a mission to fight bias in machine learning, a phenomenon she calls the &#8220;coded gaze.&#8221;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b387810\" data-id=\"b387810\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4069fc3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"4069fc3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=PWCtoVt1CJM&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-903e0d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"903e0d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=PWCtoVt1CJM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How to Stop Artificial Intelligence from Marginalizing Communities? (2018)<\/a><\/h4><p>Timnit Gebru, Stanford Alum and Co-Founder of Black in AI, shares remarkable insights to show how artificial intelligence is influencing thinking and decision-making in ways we didn&#8217;t imagine and must counter before it further marginalizes people\u2026<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d76a32d\" data-id=\"d76a32d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-faa9000 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"faa9000\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=UXuJ8yQf6dI&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70bc76c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"70bc76c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a class=\"external youtubed\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/UXuJ8yQf6dI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How Biased Are Our Algorithms? (2014)<\/a><\/h4><p>What do our algorithms say about our society? In this talk, social scientist Safiya Umoja Noble investigates the bias revealed in search engine results and argues why we have to be skeptical of the algorithms we rely upon every day.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-49d4337 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"49d4337\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fd98b46\" data-id=\"fd98b46\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b07d57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"0b07d57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=Xk3XGcvRNeA&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3495878 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3495878\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/rediet_abebe_can_algorithms_reduce_inequality\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Can Algorithms Reduce Inequality? (2018) <\/a><\/h4><p>When Rediet Abebe arrived to study in the United States from Ethiopia, she was surprised to learn of educational inequalities of black and low-income students in the shadow of some of the world&#8217;s most prestigious universities. This talk discusses how AI can help reduce inequality, as well as new initiatives in AI to effect positive social change.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-db83e7c\" data-id=\"db83e7c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c667205 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"c667205\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=jZl55PsfZJQ&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3911664 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3911664\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=jZl55PsfZJQ\">Coded Bias\u00a0(2020)<\/a><\/h4><p>*Full Film Available on Netflix. 1hr 25min*\u00a0What does it mean when the technology that surrounds our lives is built on systemic racial and gender-based prejudices? This is the truth about the invisible forces that decide everyday human potential.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-df03a64\" data-id=\"df03a64\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95c43ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"95c43ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=SdCPbyDJtK0&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-367590f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"367590f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\">\u00a0<\/h4><h4 class=\"title style-scope ytd-video-primary-info-renderer\"><a class=\"inline_disabled external\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/SdCPbyDJtK0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Voicing Erasure &#8211; A Spoken Word Piece Exploring Bias in Voice Recognition Technology <\/a>\u00a0(2020)<\/h4><p>Is it okay for machines of silicon and steel or flesh and blood to erase our contributions? Is it okay for machines to portray women as subservient? Is it okay Google and others to capture data without our knowledge? These questions and new research led by Allison Koenecke inspired the creation of \u201cVoicing Erasure\u201d: a poetic piece recited by champions of women\u2019s empowerment and leading scholars on race, gender, and technology.<\/p><p>Source: Joy Buolamwini<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fd7bbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fd7bbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9945767\" data-id=\"9945767\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8bef27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d8bef27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Books &amp; Articles<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f58de3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f58de3d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57aebfb\" data-id=\"57aebfb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b18816 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b18816\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/recode\/2020\/2\/25\/21152585\/tiktok-recommendations-profile-look-alike\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">There&#8217;s Something Strange about TikTok recommendations (2020)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>An AI expert recently spotted an unusual detail when trying to follow new people on TikTok.<\/p><p>By Rebecca Heilweil<\/p><p>Source: Vox<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6bb5659\" data-id=\"6bb5659\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43f8376 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43f8376\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1647abe\" data-id=\"1647abe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82bd67a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"82bd67a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/12\/06\/business\/algorithm-bias-fix.html\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Biased Algorithms Are Easier to Fix Than Biased People (2019)<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>Racial discrimination by algorithms or by people is harmful \u2014 but that\u2019s where the similarities end.<\/p><p>By Sendhil Mullainathan\u00a0<\/p><p>Source: New York Times<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c313bb\" data-id=\"4c313bb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a80bc3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4a80bc3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d51b69\" data-id=\"3d51b69\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d1a9fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d1a9fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/03\/15\/technology\/artificial-intelligence-google-bias.html\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Who is making sure the AI Machines aren&#8217;t racists? (2021)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>When Google forced out two well-known artificial intelligence experts, a long-simmering research controversy burst into the open.<\/p><p>Source: NYT<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bbe5763\" data-id=\"bbe5763\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b05b87e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b05b87e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f1a6b09\" data-id=\"f1a6b09\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c11bcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9c11bcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/04\/19\/opinion\/sway-kara-swisher-joy-buolamwini.html?smtyp=cur&amp;smid=tw-nytopinion\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">She&#8217;s Taking Jeff Bezos to Task (2021)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">&#8220;Big Brother is watching. And he\u2019s biased. M.I.T. computer scientist and digital activist Joy Buolamwini proved that the facial recognition technologies that are becoming ubiquitous often fail when it comes to women and people of color. She\u2019s taken on big tech players that profit off facial recognition technologies, like Amazon, IBM and Microsoft. And she\u2019s also concerned about government, particularly given the increased use of these technologies by the police.<\/p><p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Today on \u201cSway,\u201d Buolamwini and Kara Swisher discuss taking Big Tech down a notch, why the mysterious company Clearview AI should concern anyone on social media, and how far the U.S. is from a China-style surveillance state.&#8221;<\/p><p class=\"css-axufdj evys1bk0\">Source: New York Times | Opinion<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f5fb41\" data-id=\"4f5fb41\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7fbd82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b7fbd82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/5VCVQ3IJEJEKBPKY4TJXOTXSTQ-scaled.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-36674ac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"36674ac\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4eced54\" data-id=\"4eced54\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-197a6d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"197a6d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/06\/24\/technology\/facial-recognition-arrest.html\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Wrongfully Accused by an Algorithm (2020)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p class=\"css-1b6a17a e1wiw3jv0\">In what may be the first known case of its kind, a faulty facial recognition match led to a Michigan man\u2019s arrest for a crime he did not commit. A nationwide debate is raging about\u00a0racism in law enforcement. Across the country, millions are protesting not just the actions of individual officers, but bias in the systems used to surveil communities and identify people for prosecution.<\/p><p class=\"css-1b6a17a e1wiw3jv0\">Source: New York Times<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0d1028e\" data-id=\"0d1028e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-927e062 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"927e062\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/0111919nprinstacart0017_custom-490354e77db51fa5cd4e5e35440e9970e4d85848-s2500-c85.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4b839ec elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4b839ec\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-edde4bf\" data-id=\"edde4bf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5f8dae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d5f8dae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/discovery\/fulldisplay?context=L&amp;vid=01WRLC_AMU:prod&amp;search_scope=WRLC_P_AU&amp;tab=WRLC_P_AU&amp;docid=alma99186281816404102\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Pattern Discrimination (2019)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>Algorithmic identity politics reinstate old forms of social segregation\u2014in a digital world, identity politics is pattern discrimination. It is by recognizing patterns in input data that artificial intelligence algorithms create bias and practice racial exclusions thereby inscribing power relations into media. How can we filter information out of data without reinserting racist, sexist, and classist beliefs?<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>By Clemens Apprich, Wendy Hui Kyong Chun, Florian Cramer, and Hito Steryl<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-72a14fa\" data-id=\"72a14fa\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-623a325 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"623a325\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d81bf36\" data-id=\"d81bf36\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ba95de elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9ba95de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Google blocks advertisers from targeting BLM Youtube videos (2021)<\/span><\/h5><p>\u201cBlack power\u201d and \u201cBlack Lives Matter\u201d can&#8217;t be used to find videos for ads, but \u201cWhite power\u201d and \u201cWhite lives matter\u201d were just\u00a0fine<\/p><p>By Leon Yin and Aaron Sankin<\/p><p>Source: The Markup<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-35600b1\" data-id=\"35600b1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9dc8bae elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9dc8bae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1927\/2021\/08\/GettyImages-493609713-scaled-e1588625276706-1024x540-1.jpeg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9af41c7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9af41c7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-034bcca\" data-id=\"034bcca\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-787ab0b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"787ab0b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/discovery\/fulldisplay?context=L&amp;vid=01WRLC_AMU:prod&amp;search_scope=WRLC_P_AU&amp;tab=WRLC_P_AU&amp;docid=alma9912902298804101\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Data Feminism (2020)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>A new way of thinking about data science and data ethics that is informed by the ideas of intersectional feminism.<\/p><p>By Catherine D\u2019ignazio &amp; Lauren F. Klein<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c6379ab\" data-id=\"c6379ab\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a7bcecc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a7bcecc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4827e05\" data-id=\"4827e05\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0b51ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c0b51ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.propublica.org\/series\/machine-bias\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Machine Bias: Investigating Algorithmic Injustice<\/span><\/a><\/h5><div class=\"introduction\"><p>&#8220;Machine Bias&#8221; is a series of articles published by ProPublica investigating algorithmic injustice and the formulas that influence our lives. Date range: 2015-2019<\/p><\/div><p>ProPublica<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ca02b8\" data-id=\"2ca02b8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a8376d9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a8376d9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d480b2a\" data-id=\"d480b2a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bd4115 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6bd4115\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.popularmechanics.com\/technology\/robots\/a23708450\/amazon-resume-ai-sexism\/\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Amazon Fired Its Resume-Reading AI for Sexism<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>Algorithms are often pitched as being superior to human judgement, taking the guesswork out of decisions ranging from\u00a0driving\u00a0to writing an email. But they&#8217;re still programmed by humans and trained on the data that humans create, which means they are tied to us for better or worse. Amazon found this out the hard way when the company&#8217;s AI recruitment software, trained to review job applications, turned out to discriminate against women applicants.<\/p><p>Source: Popular Mechanics<\/p><p>By: David Grossman<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-63b4803\" data-id=\"63b4803\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7f3ba99 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7f3ba99\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-449d4eb\" data-id=\"449d4eb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-042359e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"042359e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/04\/14\/technology\/china-surveillance-artificial-intelligence-racial-profiling.html\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">One Month, 500,000 Face Scans: How China Is using AI to Profile a Minority (2019)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>&#8220;The Chinese government has drawn wide\u00a0international condemnation\u00a0for its harsh crackdown on ethnic Muslims in its western region, including holding as many as a million of them in detention camps.\u00a0Now, documents and interviews show that the authorities are also using a vast, secret system of advanced facial recognition technology to track and control the Uighurs, a\u00a0largely Muslim minority. It is the first known example of a government intentionally using artificial intelligence for racial profiling, experts said.&#8221;<\/p><p>Source: New York Times<\/p><p>By Paul Mozur<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-08fd826\" data-id=\"08fd826\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-436f80c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"436f80c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bb32762\" data-id=\"bb32762\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5fac33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a5fac33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/07\/08\/business\/china-surveillance-technology.html\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">Inside China&#8217;s Dystopian Dreams: AI, Shame and Lots of Cameras (2018)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>With millions of cameras and billions of lines of code,\u00a0<a class=\"css-1g7m0tk external\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/04\/13\/us\/politics\/china-intelligence-threat-usa.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">China<span class=\"screenreader-only\">\u00a0(Links to an external site.)<\/span><\/a>\u00a0is building a high-tech authoritarian future. Beijing is embracing technologies like facial recognition and artificial intelligence to identify and track 1.4 billion people. It wants to assemble a vast and unprecedented national surveillance system, with crucial help from its thriving technology industry.<\/p><p>Source: New York Times<\/p><p>By Paul Mozur<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7028d71\" data-id=\"7028d71\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0dd5ef5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0dd5ef5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-27d0ded\" data-id=\"27d0ded\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28bf821 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"28bf821\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1177\/1536504218766547\"><span style=\"color: #0a616b\">The algorithmic rise of the &#8220;alt-right&#8221; (2018)<\/span><\/a><\/h5><p>As with so many technologies, the Internet\u2019s racism was programmed right in\u2014and it\u2019s quickly fueled the spread of White supremacist, xenophobic rhetoric throughout the western world.<\/p><p>Daniels, J.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-067b1e5\" data-id=\"067b1e5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Software, Algorithms and AI Scholars &amp; Thought Leaders Joy\u00a0Buolamwini\u00a0 Scientist, activist and founder of the Algorithmic Justice League, Joy Buolamwini examines racial and gender bias in facial analysis software. As a graduate student, Joy found an AI system detected her better when she was wearing a white mask, prompting her research project Gender Shades. This [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3693,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-247","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/247","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3693"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=247"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/247\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edspace.american.edu\/deicomm365\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=247"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}]